Muçulmanos na França: formação de uma minoria e desafios para sua integração

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Daniela Portella Sampaio
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Minoria; Islã; França; Assimilação; Muçulmanos; Integração; Sociologia; Muçulmanos França; Minorias; Assimilação (Sociologia)
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/EJAO-8KBK5C

This work consists at analyzing the integrative process of Muslims in France. At the moment of their arrival, the economical character of immigration, the group establishment in provisory and distant livelihoods, and the non-intentionality of their staying marked the way the group was received by the society and how it perceived itself. With the end of the migratory program in 1974, the Muslims decided to stay at the country and the familiar regrouping led to the Muslim population growth, constituting it as a minority. France, traditionally, assimilates formally and substantively foreign people in two generations. Therefore, the second and third generations of these immigrants became juridical French, being bonded to the State as citizens. However, the substantive assimilation by the school didn.t seem effective. The non-integration is observable by the political scatter and the lack of legitimate representation; by the high rates of unemployment and criminality, and by the low educational level of the group. This political and socio-economical marginalization is more deteriorated by the non-identification with the nation and with the French national values. Thus, the Islam becomes culturally absorbed by those who don.t feel totally bonded to the nation, and by those who feel discriminated by the society. France defends its assimilationist mode of integration because it proposes assimilation through the non-recognition of difference and the laicite reinforces the national republican identity, determining its non-religious feature. However, France has always managed two identity systems, where the Differentialist identity from peripherical regions offered substance to the Universalist national identity. This paradox would be an inherent feature of French nation. Nowadays, France faces a challenge to the continuity of this national identity structure because it needs to deal with a Muslim minority that represents the new source of differentialism in the nation. The outcomes of this interaction will lead to the integration (or not) of this minority in the country.