Mobilidade de rendimentos no Brasil: uma análise a partir dos dados cross-section e longitudinais

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Mariangela Furlan Antigo
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: xxx; Renda Distribuição Brasil; Mobilidade social Brasil
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/AMSA-8BCK2B

The analysis concerning the recent drop in Brazilian income inequality show that it has fallen steadily and substantially between 2001 and 2005, but still remains very high. Given these favorable results, it raises relevant questions about the earnings mobility. Thus, this thesis has the main aim of analyzing the Brazilian earnings mobility, considering the period before and after the fall of income inequality. For a more decentralized income distribution there must be a relative gain for those at the base of the pyramid. Given the heterogeneity in Brazilian income groups, there is evaluated how individual and institutional factors, and also job and macroeconomic conditions, can explain the mobility in different quantiles. An upward mobility in the base of distribution can support a greater equalization of income over time if the individual factors outweigh the macroeconomic. A study of long-term mobility is made based on data from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) from 1993 to 2007. The empirical exercise is carried out by means of a pseudo-dynamic panel model and the age-period-cohort model. To measure mobility over the quantiles of the income distribution, we employ a quantile regression, using data from the Monthly Employment Survey (PME) between 1992-2001 and 2002-2009. Therefore, the main contribution of this paper is to detect a relationship between mobility and income inequality in Brazil and the factors that lead to a more decentralized distribution over time. The results show that the fall in inequality was accompanied by increased mobility in income, especially the main job. The variables of education and minimum wage have a key role in explaining the mobility of the poor. This result is very important when considering the impact on uncertainty and the budget constraint of these individuals because they tend to act toward a break with the vicious cycle of poverty. Accordingly, the income distribution in Brazil over time tends to become more equalized.