Reator UASB seguido de filtro anaeróbio para o tratamento de águas residuárias de abatedouro avícola pré acidifacadas

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Camila de Aguiar Lima
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Tratamento de efluentes; Agroindústria; Digestão anaeróbia; Ciência Animal
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/SMOC-9TMPWP

The creation of chickens has been expanding over the past decades, however, the activity has raised concerns due to their pollution potential. This paper presents the evaluation of a system for processing pre-acidified wastewater chicken slaughterhouse in full scale in order to evaluate their behavior in terms of design, operating and molecular parameters, The station consisted of primary treatment (sieve, grease trap, equalization and acidification tank), upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB) and anaerobic filter. Monitoring evaluated for 40 weeks the parameters: pH, redox potential (ORP), total alkalinity (TA), intermediate alkalinity (AI), partial alkalinity (AP), volatile fatty acids (VFA), total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), total solids (TS), total volatile solids (TVS), total biochemical oxygen demand (BODt), filtered biochemical oxygen demand (BODf), particulate biochemical oxygen demand (BODp), total chemical oxygen demand (CODt), filtered chemical oxygen demand (CODf), particulate chemical oxygen demand (DQOp), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), nitrite, nitrate, organic nitrogen, total nitrogen, phosphate, total coliforms and Escherichia coli. Weekly sludge samples were collected from the UASB reactor and filter to perform solid analysis. Oil and grases were evaluated monthly. Microbial diversity was assessed by PCR, DGGE a dendrograma construction and gene sequencing. The reactor was volumetric organic load (VOC) average of 0.82 kg COD m3d-1, hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 53.28 hours and ascending speed of 0.20 m h-1. The average results for complete removal of CODt and BODt were 89.57% and 93.7%, respectively. The average efficiencies TS removal, TVS, TSS and VSS, were, respectively, 56.01%, 75.16%, 83.70% and 84.25%. The mean overall efficiency of the system for removal of coliforms was 88.79% and 91.63% for Escherichia coli. Although ammonification, the stability of the anaerobic process has not been compromised. The UASB operated with a ratio IA/PA average of 0.39. Molecular biology analyzes showed that the present bacterial communities are modified according to the different stages of the process. It was concluded that the UASB reactor followed by anaerobic filter is a promising alternative for the treatment of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater