Mortalidade por neoplasias e a telefonia celular no municipio de Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Adilza Condessa Doce
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Saneamento Meio Ambiente Recursos Hidricos; Meio ambiente; Câncer; Engenharia sanitária; Telefonia celular
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-8UCNEL

Nowadays, all over the world, all human beings are exposed to Electromagnetic Fields - EMFs generated by a vast series of technologies either wire or wireless. More and more, the dependence on modern technology relating to those electromagnetic fields has worried the scientific community and the population at large, what mainly concerns the residents nearby the Transmitter Antennas of the Cellular Telephony System. The recent scientific studies show that the exposure to the electric and electromagnetic fields on a global scale in the non-ionizing band of the low and high frequencies electromagnetic spectrum can interact with the human biological system and increase the risk of cancer and other chronic deceases. This study had the following purposes: 1. To review the state of the art of the possible biological effects generated by the exposure to radiofrequency, focusing on the communities epidemiological studies that live near the BSs (Base Stations) of the Cellular Telephony System; 2. To know the BSs spatial distribution at two moments: 2003 and 2006, in the Belo Horizonte municipality, Minas Gerais State; 3. To know in the same municipality, in time and space, the distribution of the deaths by neoplasia reported in the literature and mentioned in the Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade (SIM) (Mortality Information System) of the Health Department of the Belo Horizonte Prefecture, from 1996 to 2006; 4. To verify the existence of correlation between bunches of BSs and the death cases by neoplasia; 5. To measure the levels of the human exposure to EMFs where there is greater number of antennas. Through an epidemiological approach of ecological type, a descriptive spatial analysis of the Cellular Telephony System antennas was carried out as well as of the deaths by neoplasia identified in the municipality from 1996 to 2006, using the Kernel Map for both variables in study. The results show that up to December 2003 have been installed 474 BSs, and in 2006, 856 BSs. Through georeferencing, the greatest quantity of antennas has been noted as a percentage of 39.60%. Relating to the 7.191 deaths by neoplasia, a percentage of 49.63 % has been found among the residents living within an area of 100 meters from the BSs. The mortality rate per 10,000 was 43.42 within 100 m; 40.22 within 200 m; 37.12 within 300 m; 35.80 within 400 m; and 34.76 within 500 m. The mortality rate was the greatest within in area or 500 m from the BSs. The greatest accumulated incidence rate, 5.83 per 1000 inhabitants, was also found in Centro-Sul region, and the lowest was 2.05 in Barreiro region. The EMF rates found are in accordance with the patterns recommended by the Brazilian Federal Law nº. 11.934, May 5th, 2009. However, they surpass them when compared with the human exposure limits adopted by several countries and cities.