Influência da qualidade das matérias-primas no escoamento gasoso da zona granular do alto-forno

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Brenda Marise Oliveira Custodio
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Leito granular; Equação de Ergun; Permeabilidade; Escoamento gasoso; Carvão vegetal; Perda de carga; Alto-forno; Engenharia metalúrgica
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-9N5GWK

This work includes the study of the pressure drop in fixed bed consisting of particles of charcoal, iron ore and pellets, used in the pig iron production, and considering irregular particles distributed in a certain range of particle size. Samples of these raw materials by sieving, resulting in different diameter ranges were classified. In the prepared samples, experimental tests were performed in which particles were introduced into a measuring pressure drop in granular beds 1.2m diameter and collected load loss values for speeds ranging from 0.5 to 1.2m/s. The fluid dynamics was established by measurements of the pressure drop in the bed and flow rates of increasing and decreasing air. The values of maximum pressure loss and minimum fluidization velocity was obtained from the graphs of pressure loss vs. speed of the air. All the magnitudes of the variables studied in this work were experimentally determined and the values were compared to the corresponding values obtained by empirical equations taken from the literature. The observed results do not confirm the behavior obtained theoretically using the empirical coefficients of the Ergun equation (150 and 1.75). Once you adjust the values of these coefficients based on the values obtained from tests for permeability, it is possible to predict the pressure drop in granular beds. The relationship between the diameter and cutting the production level was also determined, when considering only the appearance of the gas flow. Layer or mixture: Finally the effect of interfaces and layout which is more advantageous was evaluated. The results indicated that the larger the mean size of the material, the smaller the difference of gas passing the bed of particles. It also showed that the higher the gas velocity, the greater this difference. Finally through this experiment showed that it is possible to determine for each gas flow flowing in a given furnace, what is the maximum diameter of the charcoal before it begins the process of fluidization.