Avaliação numérica e experimental da eficiência térmica de um coletor solar tipo PVT

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Geisiane Aparecida de Lima
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Fotovoltaica; Aquecimento; Sistema PVT; Simulação; Energia Solar; Energia solar; Metodos de simulação; Geração de energia fotovoltaica; Aquecimento solar; Engenharia mecânica
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUBD-ARRMG8

The solar energy is considered the most abundant source with the least environmental impact available, but it does not yet have a significant position in the energy matrix of several countries, especially in developing countries. Nowadays, the market has multiple devices and methods to convert sunlight into useful energy. However, two technologies are the most known and applied, the flat plate and photovoltaic panels. The photovoltaic energy consists of the direct conversion of sunlights into electricity and the thermal energy transfers heat from the surface to a working fluid. In several countries like Brazil, the most used fluid to heat Exchange is the water that is used for bath. Another technology that has been receiving several studies in recents years is the PVT - Photovoltaic Thermal device, wich consists of to connect the two technologies mentioned, to promote the combined generation of electricity and heat. For the knowledge and analysis of a solar collector, such as the PVT, experimental studies, numerical simulations and mathematical models can be used to verify its performance. In this context, this work search to find studies about the PVT system, make a mathematic model of the heat transfer process and implement the mathematical model in the EES software evaluating the performance of the PVT system under different conditions of irradiation and water inlet temperature, to evaluate numerically the processes of heat transfer in the PVT system, using the program ANSYS-CFX® 15.0 and finally, to compare the simulated results with data obtained experimentally in order to know the thermal efficiency of the device in each of these situations. The obtained results show proportionality between the data tested and the simulated data, validating the mathematical and computational models. However, different values were observed about the thermal efficiency of the collector. The highest thermal efficiencies were given when the water was inserted in the system between 26 to 32 °C reaching in the experimental test 33%, in the EES obtained 45% and in the numerical simulation reached 41% of performance. The present work is part of the scope of the 498 project: "Development of PVT solutions to increase the efficiency of solar power plants" financed by Minas Gerais energy company (CEMIG).