Diversidade microbiana intestinal de suínos saudáveis e afetados por disenteria suína e enteropatia proliferativa

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Amanda Gabrielle de Souza Daniel
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: diarreia; Lawsonia intracellularis; Microbioma fecal; coinfecção; B hyodysenteriae; Diarreia em animais; Suino Doenças; Intestinos Infecções
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/SMOC-B8WF93

The thesis was organized in two chapters, in both chapters fecal microbioma in pigs affected by enteric diseases was evaluated. The first chapter aimed to assess the fecal microbioma from animals in herds affected with swine dysentery. The new generation sequencing of 16S rRNA region was applied in 37 negative and 32 positive B. hyodysenteriae pig feces submitted to the diagnostic laboratory between 2012 and 2016. The genus was the only taxonomic level with significant differences between negative and positive animals. Relative great abundance of Anaerovorax, Mogibacterium and p-75-a5 was observed in B. hyodysenteriae positive pigs and Bifidobacterium, Coprococcus, Dialister, Fibrobacter, Rummeliibacillus and Streptococcus in negative animals. The second chapter aimed to evaluate clinical signs, anatomopathological changes, fecal shedding and intestinal microbioma composition of animals inoculated with either B. hyodysenteriae or Lawsonia intracellularis and both agents. Forty-five-week-old piglets were divided in four groups: co-infection with B. hyodysenteriae and L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae alone, L. intracellularis alone and negative control. Using the "Fusion" method by Ion Torrent 16S Metagenomics kit, the DNA extracted from feaces in (-5) and (21) dpi were amplified and sequenced using V4 region of 16S rRNA region. The clinical and anatomopathological evaluation, qPCR, immunohistochemistry and bacterial isolation were also performed and significant differences were observed among groups. The beginning of clinical signs, number of affected animals and severity of macro and microscopic lesions were higher in the co-infected group coinfection. It was possible to observe greater relative abundance with statistical difference in comparison with the other groups for the genera Prevotella, Anaerovibrio, Bacteroides, Butyricimonas, Desulfovibrio, Fusobacterium and p75-a5 in the CO group, a greater abundance of Clostridium in BRA group. In the LAW group, Megasphaera and Dialister were statistically significant and Odoribacter for the NEG group. It is possible to conclude that there is a change in the microbiota at the genus level in naturally and experimentally infected animals and for experimentally inoculated animals there are significant differences regarding the expression of the clinical signs in animals from the coinfection group.