Implicações da patologia e da hospitalização do bebê ao nascer: do desenvolvimento à psicanálise

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Liliane Cristina Santos
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Psicanálise; Prematuridade; Neonatologia; Método clínico; Psicologia do Desenvolvimento; Crianças; Psicologia do desenvolvimento; Psicologia
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUBD-A96GFW

We chose this research for its qualitative clinical method and it aims to investigate the implications of the pathology and the hospitalization of the baby at birth. Its based on theoretical and methodological psychoanalysis and uses two procedures: the literature review and the reports of parents whose children were hospitalized at birth, which were obtained through clinical interviews. Regarding the literature review, we chose to start from the theory of René Spitz on object relations and their disorders to then discuss the fundamental importance of the Other/ other for the subjectivation of babies, focusing on the field of linguistics and the maternal and paternal roles. For this, we turn to Freud, Lacan and their readers, and seek a different reading than that shown by Spitz in his research from the framework of Lacanian psychoanalysis. Our proposal is to investigate the constitution of the subject in the Lacanian psychoanalysis design, studying the relations between parents and babies mediated by the Other and seizing the concepts related to the subject. We present here a discussion of the proper psychoanalytic method, which, in our view, is different from what was done by Spitz, representative of the developmental theory. Thus, we delineate the method that guides this research, distinguishing it from the evolutionist method. Afterwards, we expose a literature review concerning the possible repercussions of the disease and hospitalization of babies, discussing about risks and prevention, through the psychoanalysis view. In interviews conducted in the ambulatory of Hospital Municipal Odilon Behrens, families were encouraged to talk about their experiences related to illness and hospitalization of their new-born babies. The interviews aimed to infer the parents / caregivers position on the situation lived with the child and on the position in which they are located, also considering the correlation between what they say and what they do to the child. The interviews and the analysis of cases have the clinic as a research method, which is centred on the patient, and based on the experience of singularity as such. Therefore, when presenting the cases, we favour the peculiarity and the operation of each subject in their speech. Thus, we aim to think of the contribution of psychoanalysis regarding the pathology and the early hospitalization, claiming that such contributions can only be articulated through clinical method ,and therefore, through the ethics in which it is based on. If the subjects response to which it occurs is distinctive, singularly considering the effects of prematurity situation and of neonatal hospitalization, so will be their intervention. In this view, the intervention requires the understanding of each case, different from the generalization of the technique and of the observation method, characteristic of the developmental perspective.