Regule-se, exercite-se, embeleze-se: pedagogias para o corpo feminino pelo discurso da revista ALTEROSA (1939-1964)

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Cristiane Oliveira Pisani Martini
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Pedagogias corporais; Dietética; Cosmética; Atlética; Educação do corpo; Beleza física; Mulheres Aspectos sociais; Estetica; Cuidados pessoais com a saúde
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-AQRGQQ

This study analyzed the pedagogies for the female body proposed by the discourse of ALTEROSA magazine (1939-1964), based on three notions proposed by Sant'Anna (2002) and Ory (2009): dietetic, cosmetics and athletic/plastic. The sources mobilized for the research were ALTEROSA magazines and documents of the Minas Gerais Public Arquives (Politics Police files). The magazine ALTEROSA was a variety printed for the female audience that found a way to "negotiate" the women's social space, stressing the ideals and values attributed to them, within the limits of the period in which it circulated. By choosing the content and the graphic aspect, ALTEROSA invested in the dissemination of pedagogies that, organized in a complex network of recommendations and supported in the medical-scientific discourse, were refined in rituals, diets, procedures and behaviors of body care and standardization of life. Such pedagogies acted in a complementary way on the bodies. Dietetics was defined as a diffuse pedagogy, which aimed at education for intake, from two main routes: that of the "in natura" control of the quantities and quality of the food ingested and that of the synthetic control, which proposed the ingestion Of products with a view to regulating organic functions, such as digestive, nervous regulators and uterine functions. Athleticism was defined as a pedagogy centered on the manipulation of the forms of the female bodies, organized in two types of intervention: passive, fashioned, invested in the disguise of unwanted forms and in the mechanical definition of the ideal, standardized and universal female silhouette, the From the models of corps of misses and actresses of the North American cinema); By the active way, gymnastics, which flexibilized the shape of the body when it related to sports (athletes), but which, on the other hand, stimulated the standardization of forms with the prescription of home gymnastics. In both ways, one defended the control of practices and the effort required so that there was no prejudice of the "feminine elements". The idea that every effort should be compensated by means of leisure and outdoor recreation practices, provided that they are subject to rigid rules of organization, was perpetuated. Cosmetic pedagogy includes all rituals, practices and products intended for the beautification and hygiene of women. Such investment was responsible for the constant invention, disclosure and renewal of the care with the feminine appearance and the stimulation to the consumption of beauty products. This investment reinforced, during the period studied, the differentiation between men and women by the insistent emphasis on facial features (with the use of makeup) and on the hair (considered "the face frame") and on women's own hygiene care . Cosmetics appeared as a "last resort" of bodily manipulation, when gymnastics or dietary control did not produce desired results. He invested thus in the correction of "defects" of appearance caused by the absence of beauty or by aging. The pedagogy of the body of women by the magazine ALTEROSA subjected it to different trials, analyzes, verifications and judgments. The triad "Regulating, exercising and beautifying" was a perennial speech, a surreptitious orientation that with and through all this has amalgamated a way of being and living the femininity.