Estudo dos impactos técnicos da inserção de carregadores de veículos elétricos em alimentadores de distribuição

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Paulo Raimundo Gomes de Lima
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Brasil; ENG - DEPARTAMENTO DE ENGENHARIA ELÉTRICA; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Veículos elétricos; Carregadores; Qualidade da energia elétrica; Limites operativos; OpenDSS; Engenharia elétrica; Energia elétrica - Qualidade; Mobilidade; Energia elétrica - Distribuição; Baterias elétricas
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/72113

The current context of energy transition encompasses several relevant discussions in technological advancement in everyday society, bringing with it the development and implementation of new technologies increasingly inherent to the power electronics theme. In this scenario, electric mobility is one of the currently debated topics, bringing technical and regulatory benefits and challenges. In this context, this work presents a study of the technical impacts of plug-in electric vehicle chargers on distribution feeders, from the perspective of the operational limits of the power grid and the quality of electrical energy. An algorithm is developed to model a distribution electrical system with information from the Distributor Geographic Database (BDGD), and two scenarios of insertion of vehicle chargers are implemented. In each of the scenarios, projections of electric vehicle market growth are considered to represent the increase in charging points. In the first scenario, the random insertion of charging points in the distribution system is analyzed, proportional to each market projection. In the second scenario, distributed storage units are added to the charging points as a way to mitigate technical impacts. The Open Distribution System Simulator (OpenDSS) software was used for the development of the work, for modeling and calculation of power flow in the electrical system, with control performed via Python language. The results demonstrate that the insertion of charging stations into the distribution system randomly can represent a significant increase in the demand for distribution transformers and the loading of low-voltage feeders, considering the proposed scenario. In addition, voltage violations are observed at the connection bars of these charging stations. It is verified that the insertion of distributed storage units alongside vehicle charging points proves to be an efficient strategy to mitigate the identified impacts.