Modelagem da relação da rede ferroviária de transportes e das mudanças no uso e cobertura do solo na divisa dos estados do Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí e Bahia

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Icaro Neri Pereira de Souza
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Uso e Cobertura do Solo; Modelagem; Ferrovias; Transportes; Matopiba; Ferrovias; Modelagem de dados Aspectos ambientais; Mapeamento da cobertura do solo; Transportes; Solo Uso
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/IGCM-ARDPCE

The region nearby the border of the states of Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí and Bahia (MATOPIBA) is considered as the new Brazilian agricultural frontier. Matopiba is being the focus of government projects and private initiative as well. Concurretly, some key federal railway expansion projects are underway in the region, such as Ferrovia Norte-Sul (FNS), Ferrovia Transnordestina and Ferrovia de Integração Oeste-Leste (FIOL). All together, the new railway network and the respective yards and intermodal terminals will certainly change the spatial configuration of the region.Some of these railway infrastructures are completed and operational, however some parts remain under construction, unfinished or under planning.In this context, this work developed in a GIS framework a spatially explicit modeling that shows the relation between the railway infrastructures and the the changes of land use and land cover in Matopiba. The objective was to investigate the effect of the railway network on the retraction of the Cerrado biome as well as on the advance of agriculture fieds, therefore generating future scenarios simulating an operationality of the rail network. The investigation employed the software Microsoft Excel, ESRI ArcGis and DinamicaEGO. The modeling used the Baysian method of Weights of Evidence (WoE) to explore the spatial determinants of transitions between land cover classes and the role of transport infrastructure in these changes. Two models were generated: one for the period 2000-2010 and another for the period 2000-2012. Findings show a proportionally larger expansion of the agriculture areasoccured betweenthe years 2010-2012 when compared to the period 2000-2010. In addition the results show the influence of the railway infrastructure to surpress the Cerrado and expand agriculture fields. Using the model, the predictive simulations considering as operational the railway infrastructure in Matopiba showed a trend for spatial rearrangement of the agricultural production along the areas served by railway infrastructure.