Homogeneização taxonômica, filogenética e funcional de comunidades: causas, consequências e implicações para a conservação

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Hidasi Neto, José
• Orientador(a): Cianciaruso, Marcus Vinicius
• Banca de defesa: Cianciaruso, Marcus Vinicius, Almeida Neto, Mário, Diniz Filho, Jose Alexandre Felizola, Duarte, Leandro da Silva, Souza, Thiago Gonçalves
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Goiás
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Evolução (ICB)
• Departamento: Instituto de Ciências Biológicas - ICB (RG)
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Homogeneização biótica; Especialistas; Generalistas; Nativas; Exóticas; Abundância; Originalidade funcional; Originalidade filogenética; Diversidade de habitats
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Biotic homogenization; Specialists; Generalists; Native; Exotic; Abundance; Functional originality; Phylogenetic originality; Habitat diversity; Conservation
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/9590

Biotic homogenization can be defined as the replacement of specialist (usually native) organisms by generalists (usually exotic) through biological invasions and local extinctions. This process is capable of homogenizing various components of biodiversity, reducing the taxonomic, functional, genetic and phylogenetic diversity of populations and communities. It is also known that the homogeneity of these components may undergo changes in a natural or induced (human) manner. In addition, in the face of the loss of diversity (or heterogeneity) of the components of biodiversity, studies are done to reduce unnatural effects caused by man. We will investigate the following questions: "Where are the most similar species or communities?", "What are the natural and human causes of this high similarity?", "What are the consequences of high similarity?", "How can we avoid high homogenization of biodiversity? ". In the first chapter we will test whether less abundant species are those phylogenetic and functionally more distinct. In the second chapter we will test whether phylogenetically isolated living islands (hosts) present communities of insects (colonizers) more taxonomically homogeneous than phylogenetically isolated islands. In the third chapter we will test if climatic changes will taxonomic, functional and phylogenetically homogenize communities of mammals in the Cerrado biome. We hope to contribute to the knowledge of the causes and consequences of high homogeneity in the environment. In addition, we hope that more conservation measures are planned globally and regionally in the face of the natural and anthropogenic processes responsible for biotic homogenization.