Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1: controle glicêmico e fatores de risco cardiovasculares em adultos

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: GONÇALVES, Alessandra Rocha
• Orientador(a): HADLER, Maria Claret Costa Monteiro
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Goiás
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Nutricao e Saude
• Departamento: Ciencias da Saude
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: adulto; diabetes mellitus; diabetes mellitus tipo 1; doenças cardiovasculares; fatores de risco; hemoglobina A glicada
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: adult; diabetes mellitus; type 1 diabetes mellitus; cardiovascular diseases; risk factors; glycosylated hemoglobin A
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1481

Objective: To evaluate the nutritional status, the glycemic control and the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), attended at the nutrition and endocrinology outpatient clinic of the Goiânia Geral Hospital (GGH). Methodology: a cross-sectional study conducted from March to August/2011, with the following inclusion criteria: consolidated diagnosis of the disease for at least six months, age ranging from 19 to 60 years. Fifty-two patients were selected and interviewed, and 44 came to the clinic for collection of biological material. Personal, socioeconomic and biochemical data were collected. Fasting glucose (FG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile and microalbuminuria (MA) were determined. MA and HbA1c were determined by immunoturbidimetry and FG and lipid profile by the enzymatic colorimetric method using a Labmax Plenno apparatus. After collecting the material, physical assessment was performed by three trained interviewers who collected measurements of weight, height, waist circumference and blood pressure measurement, following recommendations from the literature. The following risk factors were evaluated: hypertension, dyslipidemia, general obesity (BMI- body mass index), abdominal obesity (WC- waist circumference), glycated hemoglobin, microalbuminuria, family history of type 2 diabetes, and smoking. The cutoffs recommended by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) were adopted. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SPSS 18.0. Results: The average age of patients was 30.6 ± 7.4 years, the time of diagnosis was 9.9 ± 7.1 years and median education was 12 years. The HbA1c was inadequate in 90.9% of the patients and 38.6% of the patients were found to be overweight (n=17). Most cases of inadequacy of BMI, WC and total cholesterol (TC) involved females. The prevalence of hypertension was 38.6% (n=17) and the prevalence of dyslipidemia was 63.6% (n=28). The prevalence of inappropriate LDL, HDL, cholesterol and triglyceride levels was 39.5%, 25%, 22.7%, and 22.7%, respectively. The prevalence of MA was 72%. Conclusion: most patients presented unsatisfactory glucose control. The prevalence of overweight and hypertension, of altered lipid profile, and microalbuminuria was high.