Prevalência e caracterização molecular dos vírus linfotrópicos de células T humanas 1 e 2 em primodoadores de sangue e seus familiares no estado do Piauí

Detalhes bibliográficos
Ano de defesa: 2014
Autor(a) principal: Ribeiro, Ivonizete Pires lattes
Orientador(a): Martins, Regina Maria Bringel lattes
Banca de defesa: Martins, Regina Maria Bringel, Kozlowski, Aline Garcia, Fiaccadori, Fabiola de Souza, Carneiro , Megmar Aparecida dos Santos, Ferreira, Renata Carneiro
Tipo de documento: Tese
Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
Idioma: por
Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Goiás
Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical e Saúde Publica (IPTSP)
Departamento: Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública - IPTSP (RG)
País: Brasil
Palavras-chave em Português:
Área do conhecimento CNPq:
Link de acesso: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8856
Resumo: Human T-lymphotropic virus type (HTLV-1) is the etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), and other inflammatory diseases. HTLV-2 has been associated with a syndrome similar to HAM/TSP and other clinical manifestations. The present study aimed to investigate the seroepidemiologic and molecular aspects of HTLV-1/2 infection in the first-time blood donors and their family members in the state of Piauí. Between August 2011 and July 2012, 37,306 first-time blood donors were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the presence of anti-HTLV-1/2 antibodies in the Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Estado do Piauí (HEMOPI). The positive individuals were recruited for a second blood collection and interview, when their family members were invited to participate to this investigation. Sera were tested by ELISA, and the positivity confirmed by line immunoassay (LIA). Whole-blood samples of anti-HTLV seropositive individuals were submitted to proviral DNA detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nucleotide sequencing, followed by phylogenetic analysis. Of 37,306 first-time blood donors, 48 were anti-HTLV-1/2 reactive by ELISA. By testing the second serum samples, 47 (0.13%) were also reactive by ELISA. Among these, 22 (0.06%) were anti-HTLV-1 and 14 (0.04%) anti-HTLV-2 positive by LIA. Most of HTLV-1 or 2 infected patients reported risk characteristics related to vertical and sexual transmission. Genetic characterization demonstrated that all 22 HTLV-1 isolates belonged to the Cosmopolitan subtype HTLV-1a Transcontinental subgroup A. For HTLV-2, 11/14 (78.6%) anti-HTLV-2 positive samples were amplified and then identified as subtype a (HTLV-2 a/c). Of 21 families invited to take part in the study, five agreed to participate. Three had, in addition to the index case (blood donor), two or more anti-HTLV-1 or 2-positive members (ELISA/LIA). By combining epidemiological data of the first family members with molecular analysis of their isolates, intrafamilial/vertical transmission of HTLV-1 was suggested, as well as the transmission of HTLV-2 among the second and the third families. Additionally, HTLV-2 sexual transmission could be considered in the last family. The prevalence of 0.13% (CI 95%: 0.11-0.17) for HTLV-1/2 found in this study is similar to those observed in blood donors in Brazil, and HTLV-1 and 2 subtypes identified in this investigation were consistent with those circulating in Brazil. In addition, this study provides evidence of intrafamilial transmission of HTLV-1 and 2.