On classical results for discontinuous and constrained differential systems

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Menezes, Lucyjane de Almeida Silva
• Orientador(a): Medrado, João Carlos da Rocha
• Banca de defesa: Medrado, João Carlos da Rocha, Tonon, Durval José, Buzzi, Claudio Aguinaldo, Teixeira, Marco Antonio, Silva, Paulo Ricardo da
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: eng
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Goiás
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-graduação em Matemática (IME)
• Departamento: Instituto de Matemática e Estatística - IME (RG)
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Sistemas descontínuos; Linearização; Atrator global; Ciclos limite; Sstemas com impasse
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Discontinuous systems; Linearization; Global attractor; Limit cycles; Constrained systems
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::MATEMATICA::MATEMATICA APLICADA::FISICA MATEMATICA
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/11089

The present work concerns the study of classes of discontinuous differential systems addressing the following topics: global attractors, linearization, and codimension--one singularities for constrained differential systems. The Markus--Yamabe conjecture deals with global stability and it states that if a differentiable system x’=f(x) has a singularity and the Jacobian matrix Df(x) has everywhere eigenvalues with negative real part, then the singularity is a global attractor. This conjecture was proved for planar vector fields of class C^1 and counterexamples were presented in higher dimension. Let Z=(X,Y) be a piecewise linear differential systems separated by one straight line ∑, an extension of the Markus--Yamabe conjecture for Z affirm that if 0 є ∑, Y(0)=0, X(0)≠0, and the Jacobian matrices DX(x) and DY(x) have eigenvalues with negative real part for any xє R^2 then the origin is a global attractor. In this work we prove that about these conditions Z can has one crossing limit cycle. This means that under similar hypotheses to that of the Markus--Yamabe conjecture the origin is not necessarily a global attractor of Z. The Grobman-Hartman Theorem is a classical result on linearization that provide a linear differential system that is topologically equivalent to x’=X(x) around a hyperbolic singularity. Let Z=(X,Y) a discontinuous differential systems defined in R^n, the generic singularities of Z consist of the hyperbolic singularities of X and Y, the hyperbolic singularities of the sliding vector fields, and the tangency--regular points of Z. On linearization for discontinuous differential systems we provide a piecewise linear differential system that is ∑-equivalent to Z, around of the generic singularities, so that the sliding vector fields is also linear. Let A(x) be a nxn matrix valued function, n≥2, and F(x) a vector field defined on R^n. Assuming that A and F are smooth, we define a constrained differential system as a differential system of the form A(x)x’=F(x), where xєR^n. In this thesis we classify the codimension-one singularities of a constrained system defined on R^3. Moreover we provide the respective normal forms in the one parameter space.