Efeitos fisiológicos e antinociceptivos da administração epidural de morfina e fentanil em equinos conscientes

• Ano de defesa: 2023
• Autor(a) principal: Damaceno, Andressa Brito
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Mestrado em Ciências Veterinárias; Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias
• Palavras-chave em Português: Opioides; Analgesia; Cateterização epidural; Antinocicepção; Equídeos; subject.br-rjbn; Ciências Agrárias
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/16958

Epidural analgesia with opioids in horses has excellent antinociceptive action, but is not widely used in hypiatrics due to their adverse effects. The objective was to compare the physiological and antinociceptive effects of morphine and fentanyl, isolated or co-administered, by epidural injection in conscious horses. Five healthy horses, submitted to epidural catheterization, were used. Each animal received morphine (0.1 mg/Kg), fentanyl (2 μg/Kg) and a combination of morphine (0.15 mg/Kg) and fentanyl (1 μg/Kg). The parameters evaluated at T0 (baseline) and at 15` (T025), 1h (T1), 4h (T4), 12h (T12) and 20h (T20) were: heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR), intestinal motility, rectal temperature (RT), sedation, behavior, ataxia and antinociception scores against thermal (cold and hot) and mechanical stimuli, in ischial and coxal tuberosities, and lumbar, tibial and thoracic regions. There was no significant change in HR and RT (p>0.05). Fentanyl increased the RR at T20 compared to T0 (0<0.05). At right dorsal quadrant, morphine alone and association reduced ileocecal discharge at T025 and T1 (p<0.05). At left dorsal quadrant, the association differed between the drugs alone at T1, and morphine alone and in combination reduced motility compared to T0 at T025 and T1 (p<0.05). At right ventral quadrant, the association reduced intestinal motility at T025 and T1, and morphine increased it at T12 compared to T0 (p<0.05). At left ventral quadrant, coadministration reduced intestinal motility compared to other drugs, and in relation to T0, morphine reduced in T025, T1 and T4; and coadministration at T025 and T1 (p<0.05). There was mild sedation at T1 when morphine alone and combination were used (p<0.05). Ataxia increased in relation to T0 at T025, T1 and T4 in all treatments and morphine alone at T12 (p<0.05), differing between groups at T025 at association (p<0.05). Antinociception increased mainly on the interval between T1 and T4, which the cold stimulus promoted higher antinociceptive scores in sciatic, coxal and lumbar dermatomes; under hot stimulus all dermatomes detached; on the other hand, mechanical antinociception was better observed in the coxal and lumbar dermatomes (p<0.05). It was concluded that fentanyl showed less physiological effects, morphine had more potent antinociceptive effects in the first 12 hours and the association showed inter.