A Ordem de Cristo no contexto de uma economia de mercês: critérios de provimento de cargos e ofícios nos séculos XVII e XVIII: o caso da Capitania do Espírito Santo

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Ballarini, Helmo Magno
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Mestrado em História; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em História
• Palavras-chave em Português: Captaincy; Economy of favors; Order of Christ; Regal positions; Ofícios régios; Ordem de Cristo; Economia de mercês; História - Espírito Santo (Estado); Espírito Santo (Estado) - História - Capitanias hereditárias, 1534-1762; Brasil - História - Capitanias hereditárias, 1534-1762; Brasil - História - Período colonial, 1500-1822; Brasil - História - Séc. XVII e XVIII; História; 93/99
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/9258

In this work, we begin from the original concept of religious-military order. Following, we discuss the history of Order of Christ, by identifying and describing its medieval origins as a religious-military order and its establishment or foundation because of strategic needs of the Portuguese monarchy that aimed to protect and maintain the Templar heritage in Portuguese territory. We continue by describing an overview of colonial Brazil in the context of Portuguese overseas empire, its structures, political and administrative practices, emphasizing the captaincies system and general government created by the Portuguese monarchy. Here takes place the discussion of duality of Metropolis-Cologne's powers and the aiming of center of Portuguese power in controlling peripheral political and administrative power. In continuation, we approach the consolidation of a "economy of favors", which was consisting in hiring "servers" to the bureaucracy in the kingdom and to the overseas territories conquested by Portugal. Thus, in the modern era, the interest in military orders grew up and spread in the Portuguese society, in particular in receive the habit of the Order of Christ, pushed by the appearance of a new model of military order of knights, characterized by a noble server of the king, an Christian vassal without non Christian ascendants and with enough financial resources to allow him to live without to work. Completing the work, we characterize the formation of the captaincy of the Espírito Santo and from handwritten and printed sources spanning the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, we talk about the inflections of consolidation of an "economy of favors" and the presence of Order of Christ in a regional context, addressing the criteria of provision of servers in the captaincy of the Espírito Santo.