Moralidade e adolescência: regras, projetos de vida e dependência química

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Neiva, Janine Marinho Dagnoni
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Doutorado em Psicologia; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia
• Palavras-chave em Português: Moral judgment; Rules; Project of life; Chemical dependency; Jugement Moral; Règles; Proprosicions de vie; Dépendance chimique; Juízo moral; Regras; Projeto de vida; Adolescence; Adolescentes - Uso de drogas; Adolescência; Normas sociais; Dependência química; Psicologia; 159.9
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/3156

Adolescence is considered a stage of life characterized by vulnerabilities and opportunities for development. This study dealt with this phase aiming to investigate conceptions and judgments of the participants, related to rules, projects of life and chemical dependence to discover factors connected with them to suggest challenges and opportunities for the healthy development of teenagers. Five dyads took part. They were composed by a young/teenager user of psychoactive substances, a participant in CAPS/ad (Psycho-Social Attention Center/addicted) activities, and his brother, not addicted, with up to five years age difference. Each participant was submitted to an individual interview to investigate his/her conceptions and awareness, in three phases: the first aimed to know him/her about rules present in the familiar and friendship context presented by the participants. The second had the objective to know their projects of life and the third, to understand their problems originated from their chemical dependence. The data were analyzed descriptively indicating the responses incidence. They were organized into categories, grouped into thematic blocks when it contributed to the analysis. The results regarding to the first theme show differences among the contexts, as the strong presence of “micro-systemic” authority within the familiar context, for the users, as developers of control rules, whereas for nonusers these rules would result in a mutual agreement on behalf of the coexistence marked by reciprocal relations. Non users highlight their perception of more flexible rules and lack of regulatory authority in the friendship, which leads to greater freedom in such a context, to express themselves and their desires. The results indicate that drug addicts are in a more heteronomous level of consciousness of the rules than their nonusers brothers. The results for the second theme showed that the life projects of the users are egocentered, while some of the nonusers reported projects based on Ethic principles. The users felt difficult to develop efficient strategies to achieve their projects, revealing themselves as dependent on factors over which they have no control, which proves heteronomy. The results of the third theme, show that nonusers mention the users clearly, identifying them as chemically dependent, while users revealed ambivalence about the self-conception as chemically dependent, identifying external factors as responsible for their condition, dodging their responsibility, with loss for the prognosis. Considering the relationship among the three topics, it is possible to say that drug users showed less autonomy and do not use intentional self-regulation with sustainable direction, establishing their projects of life and seeking strategies to achieve them. This makes them vulnerable and promotes increased expression of undesirable behaviors. The necessity of stimulation of teenager practices to foster the development of autonomy, the assumption of responsibilities and choices associated to opportunities for healthy development are evidenced by the obtained data.