Perfil de susceptibilidade e detecção de genes de resistência aos antimicrobianos em isolados de Escherichia coli provenientes de efluentes de hospitais da Grande Vitória

• Ano de defesa: 2023
• Autor(a) principal: Azevedo, Letícia Gonçalves de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas; Centro de Ciências da Saúde; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas
• Palavras-chave em Português: Escherichia coli; Águas residuais; Estabelecimentos de saúde; Resistência antimicrobiana; Genes de resistência; subject.br-rjbn; Farmácia
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/16820

The extensive use of antibiotics in the human, veterinary and agricultural areas can facilitate the dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) globally. Wastewater can contribute to ARB horizontal dispersion to different ecosystems. Escherichia coli is one of the main pathogens associated with antibiotic resistance frequently identified in wastewater of healthcare institutions. In this study, we evaluated the antibiotic susceptibility and presence of resistance genes in E. coli isolates sampled from wastewater from four healthcare institutions in the Metropolitan Region of Vitória, Southeastern, Brazil. Susceptibility was determined using the disk diffusion and broth microdilution tests. Multiplex and single PCR reactions were performed to detect resistance genes to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, quinolones, tetracyclines, colistin, and ammonium quaternary compounds. A total of 70 E. coli were isolated and 54.3% (n=38) showed resistance to at least one of the antimicrobials. The isolates were resistant mainly to ampicillin, tetracycline, sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim and fluoroquinolones. Multidrug resistance was observed in 24.3% of isolates. The most detected resistance genes were blaTEM, tetA, and qacEΔ1. The genes blaCTX-M-gp9, tetD, aadA4, strA, strB, and tetM also were detected. This study has shown the importance of wastewater in the dissemination of multiresistant E. coli carrying clinically important resistance genes into the environment.