Estratégias para conservação de água potável através do aproveitamento de fontes não potáveis em uma edificação comercial de grande porte

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Guzzo, Fernanda Ribeiro
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Mestrado Profissional em Engenharia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável; Centro Tecnológico; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável
• Palavras-chave em Português: Reuse; Water Utilization; Shopping Center; Water Balance; Indicators; Reúso; Aproveitamento de Água; Shopping; Balanço Hídrico; Água - Reuso; Água - Consumo; Centros comerciais; Balanço hidrológico; Indicadores; 628
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/9537

Faced with the challenges to the contour of a water crisis that refers to the world several water conservation measures that are being introduced mainly in large editions where water consumption is very expressive. Therefore, this dissertation presents strategies for the conservation of drinking water in a large commercial building through the use of non-potable water sources. After a preliminary analysis of water sectorization in the building, the study showed that the major consumers of water are the cooling tower, restaurants and bathrooms. Research also verified possible leaks in the sanitary basins of social bathrooms, noting that leaks account for 0.1% of the total water consumption of the mall. Furthermore, this work evaluated the most relevant sources of wastewater in this case: gray water, rainwater and condensation water. It was found that the gray water produced in the commercial center was equivalent to 11301.68 m³ / year, while the rainwater showed a flow of 64950.80 m³ / year. With respect to the production of condensation water, it has been verified that 1 TR is capable of producing 5.823 liters of water per day, generating a total of 3492.00 m³ / year of condensed water. It has been applied the Reconciliated Water Balance (BHR) method, developed by the Teclim Network, in the reconciliation of measured and estimated flow data, obtaining reconciled flows, in order to reduce the errors embedded in the different forms of flow measurement. The BHR showed little difference between measured and reconciled flows. From the reconciled flows, indicators of consumption of drinking water and non-potable water were calculated, as well as the generation of scenarios with the possible uses of wastewater. It was concluded that the use and reuse of the three sources of wastewater (gray water, condensation water, and rainwater) and the use of rainwater abstraction reservoirs (RECAP's) imply a saving of 46281.33 m³ / year, achieving 84% of the demand for non-potable water.