Estudo da adição de lítio a nanocatalisadores de óxido de cálcio para a produção de biodiesel

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Soares, Thaís Machado
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Mestrado em Engenharia Química; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química
• Palavras-chave em Português: Biofuel; Nanocatalysts; Transesterification; Biocombustíveis; Biodiesel; Nanocatalisadores; Transesterificação; Cal; Lítio; Óleos vegetais como combustível; Engenharia Química; 66.0
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/7824

In view of the environmental impacts caused by primary energy sources, federal agencies around the world are increasingly seeking to institute research aimed at new sources of energy from renewable natural resources. In this regard, we highlight biodiesel, created to replace diesel oil derived from petroleum. Industrially, the production of this biofuel is catalyzed by homogeneous catalysts, which end up giving certain limitations to the process. Thus, heterogeneous catalysis is an alternative that has been evaluated, being that calcium oxide (CaO) is one of the solid catalysts that has been highlighting, due to its high activity and low cost. However, CaO has presented leaching problems. In this context, the objective of this study was to present a diagnosis related to the addition of lithium in calcium oxide nanocatalysts, synthesized by the wet impregnation method and thermal decomposition, in order to evaluate which technical is more efficient to obtain a material with a greater stability and selectivity to serve as a heterogeneous catalyst in transesterification reactions of soybean oil via the methyl route. Using thermogravimetric (TGA), X - ray diffraction (XRD), spectroscopy (FTIR) and microscopy (SEM) and (TEM) techniques, for verification to the format and the elements present as well as the mean crystallite and the network parameters of the nanocatalysts. By means of the spectroscopy technique (1H NMR), it was possible to verify that the addition of lithium in the CaO nanocatalyst increased catalytic activity and selectivity in biodiesel. In addition, the techniques used for the synthesis of the nanoparticles provided greater stability to the material. For, the conversion of products into biodiesel was higher than 87% in the third reaction cycle.