Análise da influência do El Niño e La Niña na ocorrência de inundações no Estado do Espírito Santo

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Gabriel Miller de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Mestrado Profissional em Gestão e Regulação de Recursos Hídricos; Centro Tecnológico; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gestão Regulação Recursos Hídricos
• Palavras-chave em Português: Gestão hídrica; Zona de Convergência do Atlântico Sul (ZCAS); Prevenção de desastres; Estratégias de mitigação; South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ); Water Management; Disaster Prevention; Mitigation Strategies; El Niño (Corrente oceânica); La Niña (Corrente oceânica); Solos - Inundação; Meteorologia; Meteorologia sinótica; Inundações - Espírito Santo (Estado); Ciências Ambientais
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/18251

This study aims to analyze the influence of the El Niño (EN) and La Niña (LN) phenomena on floods in the state of Espírito Santo (ES), using flow rate data, rainfall records, and synoptic system analyses in the region. The evaluation to be conducted is particularly relevant due to the nature of EN and LN phenomena, which result from ocean-atmosphere interactions and exhibit significant predictability. Advanced knowledge of these phenomena can serve as a foundation for developing strategies for both urban planning and disaster prevention. For the flood-related analysis, flow rate data from hydrological stations on the state’s main rivers were considered, along with precipitation information and synoptic analysis through charts and satellite imagery. The findings indicate that La Niña influences increased precipitation in Espírito Santo and in the regions of neighboring states whose rivers contribute water discharge to Espírito Santo’s rivers. The studied cases suggest that La Niña modulates the South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ), shifting it northward from its climatological position and intensifying rainfall in Espírito Santo, causing floods. Investments in advanced early warning technologies and meteorological monitoring, such as those provided by CPTEC, the Brazilian Navy, and the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET), can play a crucial role in providing information about the impact of these climatic phenomena, enabling the prediction of extreme rainfall patterns and floods. When integrated into urban planning and land management processes, this information allows for a more effective and coordinated response to flood threats, enabling the implementation of appropriate preventive and adaptive measures