Detecção de metapneumovirus humano em crianças com bronquiolite viral aguda em Hospital de referência no município de Vitória

• Ano de defesa: 2007
• Autor(a) principal: Sant'Ana, Rômulo Goronci
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Mestrado em Doenças Infecciosas; Centro de Ciências da Saúde; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas
• Palavras-chave em Português: Infecções respiratórias em crianças; Bronquite em crianças; Vírus; Doenças respiratórias infantis; Estudos transversais; Hospitais - Vitória (ES); Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias; 61
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/5896

Acute viral bronchiolitis (AVB) is the major lower respiratory tract infection in children below 12 months of age. Several viruses are associated to AVB such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenzavirus (PIV) 1 and 3, rhinovirus, adenovirus (AdV), coronavirus, influenza virus (Flu), bocavirus and human metapneumovirus (hMPV). RSV is the most prevalent agent of AVB, followed by hMPV, mostly in children less than one year old. The hMPV seems to have a seasonal distribution overlapping RSV, therefore dual infection might be possible. The aim of this study was to verify the prevalence of hMPV in children below one year of age with AVB attended at an emergency room in a public reference pediatric hospital in the City of Vitória, Espírito Santo. Nasopharyngeal aspirated secretions were obtained from 215 cases during March to September 2004 and 2005. Samples of 167 cases were tested for RSV, PIV AdV and Flu by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) with Respiratory panel 1 Viral Screening & Identification KitTM (Chemicon International). The hMPV and RSV were tested from 210 and of 198 cases, respectively, by Reverse Transcription - Polimerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) proceeded by hemi-nested PCR.Viral RNA was extracted from 250 μl of the respiratory specimens by TRIzol methodology (Life Technologies®), according to the manufacturer s instructions. PCR and hemi-nested PCR assays were achieved using specific primer sets for the hMPV nucleoprotein (N) gene and RSV major attachment glycoprotein (G) gene, after cDNA synthesis with random or specific primers, respectively. In a group of 167 samples tested by IFA, 2 (1,2%), 3 (1,8%), 4 (2,4%) and 107 (64,5%) patients were positive for AdV, PIV 1, PIV 3 and RSV, respectively. The hMPV and VRS were detected by hemi-nested PCR in 13,8% (29/210) and in 67% (133/198) of the cases, respectively. hMPV and RSV coinfection occurred in 8,6% (17/197) of the samples. The results here obtained showed that hMPV was the second-most-frequent cause of AVB in children less than 1 year old, agreeing to previous studies. Further studies will clarify the role of hMPV and RSV dual infection in the severity and outcome of the AVB. In addition, phylogenetic analysis on hMPV and RSV-positive samples will disclose which genotypes have circulated in our geographic area in the period in study.