O que são Designer Drugs?: explorando a sua composição química por espectrometria de massas

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Kill, Jade Barbosa
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Mestrado em Química; Centro de Ciências Exatas; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química
• Palavras-chave em Português: Designer drugs; Synthetic cannabinoids; Mass spectrometry; NBOMes (Droga sintética); Espectrometria de massa; Canabinóides; Química; 54
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/7336

The designer drugs are drugs synthesized in order to reproduce the pharmacological effects of controlled substances and hamper the global strategies of control due to its modified chemical structure. The appearance of these substances,with toxicological information and overdose risks often not existing,is a major challenge for the government and the laws of national and international control.This workdescribed information of the use of these new psychoactive substances (NSP) in Brazil, as from graphics provided by the Forensic National Institute of the Federal Police in Brasilia, which demonstrated the distribution and types of substances that are most used by Brazilians in these last years.The data obtained demonstrate similarity with the designer drugs most frequently used in the world, showing the diversity of compounds. Among these substances, a recent hallucinogens classknown as NBOMe has been sold in pulverized form in bottler papersas well as the potential LSD and othershallucinogenic drugs.By thedirect infusion electrospray ionization FT-ICR mass spectrometry technique (ESI-FT-ICR MS) were analyzed 60 samples of bottler papersthat were detected 12 drug abuse (25I-NBOMe, cocaine, 25C-NBOMe, bk-MDEA, 3C-BZ, DOC, 25B-NBOMe,LSD, JWH-122, JWH-073, JWH-210 and ketamine). Among these, the 25I-NBOMewas the most frequently found substance. Moreover, the CID experiments were performed with detected NBOMes, comparing them with reference patterns in aim to confirm their presence inthe samples.The analysis results confirmed the recurrent use of the NSP and its variety present in bottler papaers, which formerly contained mostly LSD.The synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) representthe most recent advent of the designer drugs and are gaining popularity due to effects similar to the?9-THC. The SCs are dissolved in organic solvents and sprayed in a dry herbal blend. However, little information is reported on active ingredients of SCs as well as the excipients or diluents added to the herbal blend.ESI-FT-ICR MS technique was also applied in nine samples of herbalmixture extract, identifying a total of 11 SCs (UR-144, JWH-073, XLR-11, JWH-250, JWH-122 , AM-2201, AKB48, JWH-210, JWH-081, MAM-2201 and 5F-AKB48) in positive mode ionization,ESI(+), and proposed the presence of 44 chemical species (saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, sugars , etc.) present in the negative ionization mode ESI(-).Additionally, CID experiments were performed, and fragmentation pathways were proposed to identify the connectivity of SCs. Thus, the direct infusion ESI-FT-ICR MS technique is a powerful tool in forensic chemistry that enables the rapid and unequivocal way for the determination of molecular formula, the number of unsaturations and rings (DBE -double bondequivalent) and exact mass (< 3ppm) of a total of 67chemical species without the prior separation step