Método para identificar áreas prioritárias à recomposição florestal visando aumentar a disponibilidade hídrica

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Lais Thomazini
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Doutorado em Ciências Florestais; Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestais
• Palavras-chave em Português: Vazões; Uso da terra; Vegetação nativa; Florestas - Conservação; Solos; Recursos hídricos; Recursos Florestais; 630
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/10566

Forest restoration has multiple functions in the landscape, among those, recover ecological processes, storing carbon and protect water resources. Native forests play a fundamental role in the maintenance and stability of water resources and have a great influence on the creation of good conditions for the infiltration of water into the soil. Despite the recognition of higher evapotranspiration rates in forests, the probability that this may affect streamflow flows has not always been recognized. When it is intended to increase the water production of a river basin it may be referred to the increase of the annual flow or of the base flow. Therefore, the objective of the study was to evaluate the changes in water availability caused by the position of areas with forest cover, and locate areas with potential for water production. Potential sites were identified using a method developed from the integration of the Multi-Criteria Assessment (MCE) associated with GIS (MCE-GIS) with subsequent hydrological modeling. Two steps were taken to identify these sites: screening areas with different levels of priority and checking those priorities in a case study. The method was applied to the Itapemirim River Watershed using the hydrological model DHSVM. The priority map was obtained by the Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) and classified in eight priority levels. The results indicated that in the study area there is influence of the position of the forest cover in the increase of the water availability, showing the suitability of the method developed for the spatial analysis of the effect of the forest location. The result for BHPAIN was a scenario that prioritizes higher areas, especially those occupied by pasture. The data suggest that for the BHPAIN the expansion of the forest cover is done in up to 25% in the priority areas indicated to increase the services of regulating the flow of water.