O Estado como fundamento da história em Hegel

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Teles, Pedro Henrique Fontenele
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Palavras-chave em Português: História; Liberdade (Filosofia); Espírito (Filosofia); Estado; Freedom; Spirit; Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 1770-1831 - Crítica e interpretação
• Link de acesso: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/19715

This research discusses the idea of the state as foundation of history according to the political thought of Hegel (1770 -1831), seeking primarily to add to the research of Hegel a reading of his theory of the state a perspective of his Philosophy of History. Therefore, it was initially analyzed the conceptual foundation of the Hegelian State, mainly based on the work "Fundamental Elements of the Philosophy of Right" (1821). It was found that free will is the foundation of law and the state. In a dialectical process, the will leave the natural will’s condition, developing until it reaches the free will's level, seeking to realize the Spirit's freedom through the improvement of state forms of human civilizations. It was then carried out a detailed analysis of this process, discussing the overcoming of the natural desire for culture and then the will by the free will. Hegelian State’s fundamental structures were afterward investigated, highlighting its historical context, comparing it with the modern contractualism and presenting its essential relationship with the spirit of the people. It was then investigated the work "Lectures on the Philosophy of History" (1830), analyzing the Hegelian notion of universal spirit and its relationship with the spirit of the people, having noticed that history is the free essence’s development process of the Universal Spirit through the people’s spirits. It was observed that this process is implemented in the world through a succession of forms of state belonging to the nations of the Eastern World, Greek World, Roman World and Germanic World. Through all these investigations, it is concluded that the development of the state, during the realization of the Free Spirit, is the foundation of history.