Modelo experimental de mucosite oral induzida por radioterapia de megavoltagem : papel protetor da pentoxifilina

• Ano de defesa: 2006
• Autor(a) principal: Moura, José Fernando Bastos
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Palavras-chave em Português: Pentoxifilina; Radioterapia; Estomatite
• Link de acesso: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/7536

The oral mucositis (OM) consists of an inflammatory esponse of the oral mucosa to the drugs or radiation therapy and is a deleterious side effect and a potential serious complication,limiting-dose and impacting the local control, overall survival and quality of life in oncology patients. The objective of this study was to develop a OM model radio-induced (RXT) by amegavoltage machine – cobalt unit (MV - 60Co) and evaluate the protector role of the cytokinesinhibitor agent, pentoxyfilline (PTX). For this purpose, 146 male Golden Siriam Hamsters withme dium body mass of 139 grams were used. On the first day, the animals were exposed tomegavoltage irradiation in a cobalt unit, with a single fraction of 35 Gy. A irradiation field was opened to the oral mucosa and it was used a bolus on it. After the 4th day of irradiation, a mechanical scratching (MS) was done over the irradiated oral mucosa for nhancing the OM.The animals were observed for 16 days period in which the oral mucosa was evaluated macroscopically considering the clinical aspects of hyperemia, bleeding areas, ulcers and infections. In pre-determined days (days 7, 10, 13 and 16), the animals were sacrificed and the oral mucosa removed to be analyzed under the histopathological aspects (cellular effusion,vascular dilatation, bleeding, edema, ulcers and infection), mieloperoxidase dosage and TNF-α detection by munohistochemical stain. Before the animals were sacrificed, a blood sample was drawn to count the white cells. The animals were daily weighed and evaluated about their bodymass variations and a survival curve was taken. On the 13th day, it was observed the highest inflammatory finding. The PTX was used in the following doses: 5, 15 and 45 mg kg-1 sc, one hour before the irradiation and daily, for 13 days. It was observed that the induced OM was greatly significant after the 7th day, with the higher findings of TNF-α without blood counting changes between 13 to 16 days. The weight loss was detected after the 5th day and remained stable till 13th day when it was noticed a highly significant weight loss and survival till the 16th day. The PTX (15 mg kg-1) was able to reduce the hyperemia, bleeding, ulcers and infection (0; 0-2) when compared to the animals that received only saline solution (3; 1-3) (p < 0,05). The PTX 15 mg kg-1 reduced the TNF-α stain in the oral mucosa with OM when compared to the animals that were not treated. The PTX altered neither the blood counting nor the body mass in the OM group. In summary, the OM model induced by megavoltage irradiation and mechanical scratching in hamsters was developed accordingly to the model designed to ortovoltage studies in the literature, shows close relationship to the human oral mucosa changes, macroscopically, histopathologically and biochemically, and it can be used in the study of new drugs to prevent mucositis. About the PTX action, it was observed the protector effect of this agent in the 15 mg kg-1 dosage, confirmed by the evaluation of the TNF-α and its possible radiation sensitivity effect in the 45 mg kg-1 dosage