Avaliação da relação entre as características da superfície de pavimentos e os níveis de emissões de poluentes atmosféricos

• Ano de defesa: 2021
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Victor Cardoso
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Palavras-chave em Português: Poluição atmosférica; Emissões de poluentes veiculares; Superfície de pavimento; Coleta de emissões de escapamento; IRI
• Link de acesso: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/63587

The transport sector is one of the major contributors to global emissions of air pollutants. The road mode stands out as the main emitter when compared to other modes of transport. In Brazil, this mode is predominant, both in the displacement of people and cargo, and that is why the analysis of its impacts on air pollutant emissions is relevant. Vehicle emission levels are underestimated by emission reports and by simplifications of mathematical prediction models pointed out in the literature. Multiple factors can change emission levels when evaluating the vehicle and the road. In the vehicle, the engine technology, the fuel used, and the driving mode are the most relevant. On the road, the characteristics of the surface and the functional condition (quality) of the pavement stand out. The vehicle's rolling resistance, the tire-pavement interaction, takes place in the coating layer. This layer can be composed of flexible or rigid pavement, for example. The objective of the present work is to analyze how the characteristics of the road surface influence the levels of vehicular atmospheric emissions. For this, an analysis of the longitudinal irregularity of the road was performed by obtaining the IRI through a smartphone and compared with the CO2, CO and NOX emissions collected with an equipment coupled to the vehicle exhaust (on-board), on four lanes with free traffic, with asphalt pavement, Portland cement concrete and paving stone. The results suggest that the longitudinal irregularity is not directly correlated with the emission levels of vehicular gases as pointed out by some mathematical models, however the type of coating can change the NOx emission levels. It was also found that the test vehicle used in this study did not exceed the limits established by the Brazilian standard, as expected by the isolation of the traffic factor in the data collection. The method used proved to be satisfactory for determining the emission levels evaluated.