| Resumo: |
The association between oral contraceptives (ACO) and breast cancer has been debated for decades, without consensus. In Brazil, breast cancer mortality rates remain high, most likely because the disease is still diagnosed in advanced stages. For the 2018-2019 biennium, 59,700 new cases of breast cancer and 15,593 deaths are estimated, 187 men and 15,443 women in Brazil. Birth control pills are among the most popular contraceptive methods, but fear of cancer and cardiovascular disease overshadows their continued use in women. This study aimed to investigate whether the use of oral contraceptives before the age of 20 is a determining factor for the onset of cancer. The approach of this study was epidemiological, observational, analytical case-control. The studied population was searched from hospital records, from the SAME filing sector of MEAC from August 2015 to October 2018, the study population was 612 hospital records, and 292 unfilled records were excluded. A standardized form was used. Data analyzes were presented in tables, using categorical variables, Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used. A significance level of 5% was adopted. Statistical analyzes were performed using the statistical program JAMOVI and Microsoft Excel 2016. It was found that the use of OCA associated with breast cancer, p <0.001, with the highest prevalence of OCA use among cases of neoplasia (100%) 76 times more likely to have cancer, OR (95% CI) and family history (25) 22.5% with a significant value (p = 0.001). Regarding the immunohistochemical variable, it presented a negative PR (47) 52.2% with a significant value (p = 0.001). Thus, it is concluded that more studies are needed to better understand the role of oral contraceptives as a triggering factor for breast cancer. Keywords: Breast Cancer. Oral contraceptives. Risk factors. |
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