Contaminação da água subterrânea por pesticida e nitrato no município de Tianguá, Ceará

• Ano de defesa: 2006
• Autor(a) principal: Barreto, Francisco Maurício de Sá
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Palavras-chave em Português: Saneamento; Águas subterrâneas; Pesticidas
• Link de acesso: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/16725

This research was developed in the city of Tianguá, Ceará and consisted of three stages. In the first one, the investigation and quantitative study on the contamination of the groundwater was carried out in the Serra Grande aquifer, focusing on pesticides and nitrate by monitoring a cluster of wells. The pesticides analyzed were atrazine, simazine and methyl parathion. In the second stage, the vulnerability of the aquifer was evaluated applying DRASTIC and DRASTIC pesticide indexes combined together with the Geographic Information System (GIS) technique. Finally, in the third stage, a multivariate analysis of pesticides and nitrate concentrations was conducted through the application of the hierarchic classification method of Ward and correlating with the vulnerability classification defined in DRASTIC and DRASTIC pesticide maps. In the investigation study for the pesticides atrazine, simazine and methyl parathion, 153 samples were analyzed and those compounds were found in 82% of samples (126 of the total). In the quantitative stage 36 samples were analyzed for each compound. Atrazine, simazine and methyl parathion were detected in, respectively, 17 samples (47%), 21 samples (55%) and 14 samples (39%) in disagreement with the maximum allowed concentration (MAC) established by the legislation. Nitrate was detected in 31 wells monitored and presented, with the exception of one well, average concentrations in accordance with the limit established by the legislation. In this study the DRASTIC index grouped four classes of vulnerability: insignificant, very low, low and moderate. The very low class predominated, representing 628.7 km2 or 67.2%. The DRASTIC pesticides index indicated five classes of vulnerability: very low, low, moderate, high and very high. The predominant class was moderate, representing 553.2 km2 or 59.1% of the wells. Pesticides and nitrate measures were grouped into groups I, II and III taking into consideration the level of contamination of the groundwater. A correlation for the majority of the groups for both pesticides and nitrate was found, according to the vulnerability classes found in DRASTIC and DRASTIC pesticide indexes.