Análise comparativa das mudanças nas categorias de uso dos solos nas reservas naturais da Nicarágua período 2000 e 2015

• Ano de defesa: 2020
• Autor(a) principal: Miranda, Geyssell Denisse Rodríguez
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Palavras-chave em Português: Cobertura e uso do solo; Reserva natural; Taxa anual de câmbio; Geoprocessamento
• Link de acesso: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/51401

The productive model of Nicaragua in recent decades has demanded over the years searching for new lands for agricultural and livestock activities. The dynamics of land use and coverage in the country has been constantly influenced by human activity, from the development of monocultures to extensive livestock farming. Because of this, the soils have been degraded little by little and with this the availability of the resources that have this element in the environment, so that man has reached the point of beginning to invade ecosystems of great biological richness and where their soils are virgin, among them are the natural reserves, where the forests, land and fertile soils are exploited without any control in order to satisfy the productive needs. In this sense, The present research has as object of study to analyze the changes in coverage and land use in the Natural Reserves of Nicaragua in the methodology, documentary research and geoprocessing tools were developed, which were applied in the ArcMap 10.2 software of the ArcGis package to make intersections between the layers of land use in 2000 and 2015, cut with the shapefile of the National Protected Areas System (SINAP); for thematic mapping the following scales were used: 1: 30,000, 1: 25,000, 1: 20,000, 1: 15,000 and in some cases larger scales, according to the size of Nicaragua's nature reserves; in the results obtained we can see the increase and decrease of some coverage areas that had a great impact on Nicaragua's nature reserves. They were analyzed changes in a general way throughout the established period, its quantification of territorial area and the annual rate of change; by individual category, the transformations and reserves that had the greatest impact on these changes were analyzed, as well as the relevance of the increase or decrease of a specific category. The percentages of change, as well as the annual rates that were quantified, show alarming increases of crops and pastures, both directly related to agricultural and livestock activities, within the natural reserves of Nicaragua, as well as the decrease and significant modification of the different types of forest, both broad-leaved and pine forests