Sistema fotovoltaico para comunidades isoladas utilizando ultracapacitores para armazenamento de energia

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Dantas, José Mascena
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Palavras-chave em Português: Engenharia elétrica; Energia - Fontes alternativas
• Link de acesso: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/5010

This work presents the conception, design and implementation of a DC/DC boost converter to connect a photovoltaic panel to a bank of ultracapacitors for energy storage to replace the conventional automotive batteries. In the output of ultracapacitors a DC/DC step-down converter is used. This converter provides power to a telecommunication system for the supply of a single channel transceiver with the purpose of providing the services of rural telephony and Internet in isolated communities from the public energy grid. The system can provide the communication service to a isolated community from the power grid for up to three hours at night when used with radio equipment with cables, connectors and antenna for transmitting and receiving phone signal with consumption power of 13 W and with solar radiation rate of 5.500 W/m2 /day. During the day solar energy is captured by a photovoltaic panel and stored in ultracapacitors through a boost converter. This converter enables ultracapacitors to charge at the maximum power point (MPP) of the photovoltaic panel. The transceiver is activated when the phone is taken off the hook and the system power comes from the panel via ultracapacitors. If there are calls during the day, the photovoltaic panel meets the needs of the transceiver. At night, the panel used does not generate enough energy to power the telecommunication system. At night, if there is a phone call to the proposed system, the transceiver will be triggered, and the subscriber should take the handset off the hook to answer an incoming call. During this operation, the transceiver consumes approximately 13 W of power, which is provided by ultracapacitors that are interconnected through the buck converter. The proposed system is controlled by a microcontroller and a control circuit which tracks the maximum power point (MPP) of the photovoltaic panel, monitors the voltage level of ultracapacitors and determines the operating time of the DC/DC converter which enables the provision of power to the transceiver by the ultracapacitors.