Potencial produtivo de cultivares de feijão-caupi inoculados com preparado de nódulos

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Pinheiro, Marcelo de Sousa
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Palavras-chave em Português: Fixação biológica de nitrogênio; Inoculação; Agricultura familiar
• Link de acesso: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/37614

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] is cultivated in several regions of the world, including Brazil. It has good adaptation to local climate and soil conditions. Although there are commercial inoculants on the market, however, there is difficulty in obtaining these products. Therefore, in order to offer a more accessible alternative, the potential of using a preparation obtained from cowpea root nodules to improve the productivity of cowpea was evaluated. Greenhouse and field experiments were carried out. The field experiments adopted the randomized block design in factorial arrangement (3X4) with three cultivars of cowpea: Sempre Verde, Setentão and BRS Guariba and more N sources: nodule preparation (NP), commercial inoculant (CI), nitrogen control (NC, 20 kg ha-¹), absolute control (T0). In the first field experiment the nodule preparation received addition of starch gum. In the second experiment, under greenhouse conditions, two concentrations of the nodule preparation were evaluated: NP10 (10% nodule/seeds, v/v); NP20 (20% nodule/seeds v/v) and more CI, NC (50 kg ha-1) and T0. In this trial, photosynthetic and biomass parameters of the plant were evaluated. In the third phase, two field experiments were carried out in the municipalities of Crato-CE and Madalena-CE during the first half of 2017. The PN did not receive starch gum and TN received 50 kg ha-1 of N. In the first field experiment, the cultivar BRS Guariba had a longer pod length (COMPV) along with productivity (PROD) with averages of 19.62 cm and 855.09 kg ha-1, respectively. The PN showed a low average in relation to the other N sources in most of the variables analyzed, but reached the highest productivity (PROD) with 817.90 kg ha-1. The CI reached the highest dry mass of the shoot (MSPA) while the NP was the lowest value. In the greenhouse experiment, photosynthesis and stomatal conductance provided an increase of up to 43% in nodule extract over T0 and up to 49% increase in NP10 over T0. The two field experiments of 2017 did not show interaction between the cultivars and the sources of N. The NP presented productivity averages of up to 628 kg ha-1 in Crato, with an increase of 16% over the absolute control. Finally, the nodule preparation showed capacity to increase the production of cowpea.