Caracterização hidrológica da bacia do Rio Babahoyo, Equador

• Ano de defesa: 2022
• Autor(a) principal: Sotomayor Moran, Arianna Elizabeth
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Palavras-chave em Português: Modelo Rosetta; Vazão em rios; Geoprocessamento; Caracterização morfométrica
• Link de acesso: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/68143

In Ecuador, plans focused on watershed management are still scarce and not of sufficient importance. An example of this is the Babahoyo River basin, which has insufficient monitoring and has few hydrological studies and analyses, especially with regard to surface runoff. Therefore, the objective was the hydrological characterization of the Babahoyo River basin in Ecuador using geoprocessing tools. For this, the methodology consists of generating a digital elevation model (DEM) from the SRTM-30 DEM data. This DEM was used to obtain and characterize the morphometric parameters of the Babahoyo river basin and its tributaries, the Zapotal, Echeandia and San Pablo rivers. The Rosetta model was used for the hydrological characterization of soils from the information of the textural classes as input parameter and saturated hydraulic conductivity Ks as output data. The database provided by the National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology (INAMHI) was used to characterize the flow of rivers, the generation of permanence curves for the studied basins had a series of daily data of 26 years of monitoring. The geoprocessing tools and automatic drainage network generation tests helped in the generation of the DEM, which was essential to obtain more accurate morphometric parameters. Different values ​​referring to the drainage network were observed from threshold simulations, that is, the minimum number of pixels to start a drainage network. Compared with official data from Ecuador's drainage network, a threshold equal to 3000 was the best fit being recommended for delimitation and generation of drainage network in hydrographic basins in Ecuador. The most representative soils in the hydrological characterization of the basin were: clayey, loam, loamy loam and sandy loam with an average hydraulic conductivity of 0.014 m/day. The average specific flows of the tributaries of the Babahoyo River were: in the Zapotal River 51 L.s-1.km-2, in the Echeandia River 52 L.s-1.km-2 and the San Pablo River 61 L.s-1.km-2. These values ​​did not show the trend of change in the specific flow with the drainage area of ​​the basin.