Sustentabilidade em diferentes sistemas produtivos leiteiros no Paraná

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Kuwahara, Kellen Cristina
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual de Maringá; Brasil; Departamento de Zootecnia; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia; UEM; Maringá, PR; Centro de Ciências Agrárias
• Palavras-chave em Português: Sistema de produção de leite; Produção de leite; Desenvolvimento sustentável; Ciências Agrárias; Zootecnia
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/1634

The objective of this study was to verify the typology of Dairy Productive Systems of Paraná, facing economic, social and environmental sustainability. In addition, to analyze the adequacy of dairy production systems (DPS) with different production scales, facing sustainability issues. A total of 153 semi-structured questionnaires were prepared and applied to dairy production systems in the State of Paraná. The questionnaires included variables of general DPS characterization, socioeconomic characteristics of rural producers and actions taken by these, facing the issues of sustainability, environmental, social and economic. The variables of general characterization of the productive and socioeconomic systems of rural producers were collected from metric responses; while the variables on the actions of the rural producers towards sustainability were collected from answers of the ordinal or dichotomous type. For the closed questions, a Likert type scale response was used, with a gradient between 0 and 10. In the first article, it was carried out in the first stage, based on the variables related to the structure and productive, economic, social and evironmental characterization of the productive system, descriptive analyzes, average and frequency. In the next step, from 19 variables that characterize productive, economic, social and environmental actions of the DPS, the Common Factor Analysis (CFA) was used. From the factorial scores, resulting from the CFA, a hierachial cluster technique was used. As a method to verify the equality between averages generated by each factor, the Tukey's test was used with a 95% confidence interval. The CFA resulted in three factors: F1-Economic; F2-Social and F3-Environmental. And clusters analysis resulted in three groups. Significant diferences (p<0.05) were found for the economic and social factor, among the formed clusters. Cluster 1 was formed by DPS with greater use of actions toward economic, social and enviromental sustainability. Cluster 2 was defined by DPS with negative average values for all three factors. And cluster 3 was defined by DPS that presented better adaptation to the Economic and Social Factors when compared to cluster 2 (p<0.05) and lower adequacy for these factors when compared to cluster 1 (p<0.05). It was concluded that the great part of the DPS analyzed has low survival capacity in the medium and long term, being the environmental factor, followed by social and economic one, the most critical for the sustainability of the DPS analyzed. In the second article it was held in the first stage descriptive analysis, average and frequency, from general characteristics of the found DPS. In the next step, from the variable "daily milk production" the DPS were divided into three groups, small, with production of up to 50 liters of milk / day; medium, with production between 51 and 250 liters of milk / day and large, with productions above 251 liters of milk / day. Then, from 19 variables that characterize productive adequacy, economic, social and environmental of the DPS, the Common Factor Analysis (CFA) was used. Three factors were defined, F1: economic; F2 social and F3: environmental. From the stratification of DPS, according to the daily milk production and the value of factorial scores, ANOVA technique was used in order to analyze the different degrees of socioenvironmental adequacy in relation to daily milk production volume. As a method to verify the equality between averages generated by each fator, the Tukey's test was used with a 95% confidence interval. Differences (p <0.05) were found for the economic, social and environmental factors among dairy production systems with different production scales. The DPS of larger scales were more adequate for the economic, social and environmental factors, followed by DPS with average scale of production; best suited for economic and environmental factors when compared to DPS of small scale. DPS with medium and small scale should promote better adjustments to economic, social and environmental issues, as well as for improvement and competitiveness of these producers in Paraná.