Os reflexos da hospitalização por Influenza A (H1N1) na família

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Marques, Fernanda Ribeiro Baptista
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual de Maringá; Brasil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem; UEM; Maringá, PR; Centro de Ciências da Saúde
• Palavras-chave em Português: Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1; Família; Isolamento de pacientes; Enfermagem; Doenças transmissíveis; Brasil.; Influenza A Virus H1N1 Subtype; Family; Patient isolation; Nursing; Contagious diseases; Brazil.; Ciências da Saúde
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/2487

The Influenza A-H1N1 virus, which is genotypically different from the others, is a triple combination of the viruses of the swine, avian, and human influenza. Considering the diagnosis of Influenza A (H1N1) and the need of hospitalization, the Health Ministry recommended some measures of precaution, such as the isolation of the patient in a private room. At that time, for the family, the awareness regarding the disease is fundamental, because their response to the process can be a significant determinant on the patient's recovery, that is, the family can or cannot speed up the recovery process. For that, the objective of the study was to understand the experience and the family reactions of a hospitalized individual diagnosed with Influenza A (H1N1). It is a descriptive-exploratory study, with qualitative approach. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews, during the month of April 2010. The subjects were 14 families that followed together with the patient the whole process of infection. To analyze the data the technique of thematic categorical content was used. From the total of 127 individuals who were hospitalized and received the prescribed medication, 74 of them were female (58%). The infection occurred mostly during winter time, and pregnant women represented 18% of the population. In relation to the age group; children and young adults were the majority, being the values inversely proportional at the time of hospitalization. It was noticed that the mothers of the hospitalized children showed a lot of fear in relation to their future. Mothers claimed lack of information related to the disease and to the isolation, besides, difficulties were verified in the family relationship (mainly among parents) and the hospital rules regarding the isolation. Among the pregnant women it was evidenced the fear and apprehension regarding the risk of death for the fetus or for the mother, as well as the risk of malformation due to the disease and the medication. Some extra care was incorporated to the family routine after the discharge, once the tension remained until the baby's birth. The relatives of the seniors and of the young adults, due to the report of their health presented a different behavior facing the diagnosis, however both had a negative perception of the isolation, but only the relatives of the young adults showed dissatisfaction with the care given to their family members and with the side effects of the medicine. The seniors' relatives revealed an overload on the caregiving. It was noticed a change of family habits in almost all homes after the arrival of the infected individual. The support from the extended family and the good hospital assistance aided them during the whole process. Some barriers were found by the families such as the people's prejudice and some negative experiences during hospitalization. In that sense, knowing the profile of a patient infected by the influenza can contribute to an implementation of strategies to reduce the number of cases of Influenza A (H1N1), improve the assistance to those individuals' health and help to prevent the disease. Besides, it is necessary that Nursing professionals include the family in the illness process, strengthen the link between patient and his family, acting as direct connection between them, reducing anxiety and expectations, in order to present an individualized care having the age and the gestation as decisive factors in the caregiving and in the directions provided.