Percepção do risco e perfil socioeconômico de jovens vítimas de trauma e usuários de álcool

• Ano de defesa: 2009
• Autor(a) principal: Arnauts, Ivonete
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual de Maringá; Brasil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem; UEM; Maringá, PR; Departamento de Enfermagem
• Palavras-chave em Português: Enfermagem; Ações Assistenciais; Prevenção; Consumo de Álcool; Jovens; Vítimas de trauma; Intoxicação alcoólica; Usuários de álcool; Percepção do risco; Perfil socioeconômico; Assistência de enfermagem; Cascavel; Paraná (Estado); Brasil.; Perception; Alcoholic intoxication; Nursing care; Paraná (State); Ciências da Saúde
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/2429

The abuse of alcohol constitute a risk factor to the trauma and a social and sanitary problem of considerable magnitude, in special, to the juvenile population. The present study had as a purpose to analyze the perception of the risk to the trauma, to investigate the pattern of alcohol consumption and to verify the opinion of young people victim of trauma according to the public politics, through a transversal and exploratory study of young people with medical diagnosis of trauma by several aetiologies between 10 to 24 years old, residents in Cascavel - PR, seen at the Emergency Room (ER) of an academic hospital of west of Paraná. As data sources we used a list of patients seen in the PS, the patient's chart and the patient chart from the PS. The instruments of data collection were a structured interview, adapted from the Hablas Questionnaire, and a spreadsheet for data collection. The interview was conducted with the youngster or the guardian, in case he or she was under 14 years old. The data were inserted into the Excel program for further analysis from the computer program "Estatística", version 8.0. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test and logistic regression. The project was approved by the resolution No 070/2009 of the Committee of Ethics and Research Involving Human Beings of Maringá State University. We interviewed 112 people, classified into three groups of alcohol consumption pattern: 22 who had trauma associated with alcohol consumption, denominated trauma with consumption, 65 who were alcohol consumers, but did not report consumption during the six hours prior to the trauma, designated trauma without consumption, and 25 who never consumed alcohol, identified as trauma in abstinent life. The trauma was predominant in young males, that had completed elementary education, with a monthly family income between 901 and 1500 reais, with no personal income and with formal employment. It was noted that the intake of alcohol prior to trauma increases by 50 times the chances of clinical illness with greater severity. The higher incidence of trauma occurred in the age group 15 to 20 years regardless of the alcohol consumption patterns, however, young people aged from 21 to 24 years were 21.7 times more likely to have trauma related to drinking alcohol while compared to young people aged from 10 to 14 years. We identified early initiation of alcohol consumption, and that most young people started a regular consumption between 15 and 20 years old. The frequency of alcohol consumption most often quoted by young people was one to two times per week, with the consume abuse being higher for the youngsters aged between 21 and 24, which use it in the form of binge. The places where the youngsters consumed alcohol in the last 12 months were the parties and bars, being their friends the preferred companies for drinking. Most of them consider that taxes and campaigns warning against the risks of alcohol consumption and automobile direction should be increased, and the age of 18 years old for the sale of liquor should remain as it is. Young people mostly believe that the penalties related to alcohol abuse and driving a motor vehicle should always be applied, and the less favorable to such measures were the young people who have had trauma related to beverage consumption. Higher frequency of automotive driving after consuming alcohol and driving ability with larger number of doses was reported by the youngsters who have had trauma associated with alcohol consumption and those who were aged from 21 to 24 years. Young people who drove drunk more often were more likely to have trauma associated with the consumption of alcohol. Almost all (96.4 %) young people agreed that taking a ride with a drunk driver offers risk, however, 61.6% had such conduct, being higher for young people who have had trauma related to alcohol consumption. Most younsters consider that the alcohol brings some damage to life and health. The results showed that the young people presented a distorted perception of the risk or a false security perception referring to the alcohol consumption, the lack of credibility in public politics and institutions, and the strong influence of family and friends toward the construction of the risk perception. Thus, the nurse must be equipped to the execution of health education programs aimed at the young people and their family, projecting strategies and goals aiming to stimulate the safe behavior after the alcohol consumption.