História de crianças com câncer : novas perspectivas para a enfermagem

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Kézia de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual de Maringá; Brasil; Departamento de Enfermagem; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem; UEM; Maringá, PR; Centro de Ciências da Saúde
• Palavras-chave em Português: Tumores em crianças; Câncer infantil; Oncologia pediátrica; Neoplasia; Saúde da criança; Enfermagem oncológica.; Cancers; Children s health; Oncology nursing.; Ciências da Saúde; Enfermagem
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/2381

The present study is of an exploratory-descriptive and qualitative nature, and was carried out in the city of Maringá - PR with the following objectives: 1) gather input from the perception of children who experience or have experienced cancer diagnosis, treatment and monitoring, regarding the changes that took place in their lives; and 2) get to know the sources of support they use during this process. The study's informants were eight children, ages 8 to 12, monitored by a philanthropic institution that supports and aids cancer patients and their families. The study was developed in accordance with the recommendations of CNS Resolution 196-96, and the project was approved by the Permanent Committee for Ethics and Research with Human Beings of the State University of Maringá, under Opinion no. 505-2011. Data collection took place in the months of November and December 2011, through guided interviews featuring the following guiding questions: "Tell me how your life has been after being diagnosed with the disease". Contact with the children began while still in the institution, in order to develop and strengthen the bond with them. Interviews were recorded and took place in the subjects' homes, in the presence and with the consent of the children's mothers. The interview consisted of two parts; the first aimed to identify the child, while the second was guided by the following question: "Tell me how your life has been after being diagnosed with the disease". Thematic Analysis was used for data analysis, identifying five categories: 1) Experiencing the changes resulting from treatment; 2) Strengthening social interactions; 3) Seeking support to overcome obstacles; 4) Breaking away from daily routine; and 5) Experiencing a new reality. The discovery of the diagnosis imposed upon the children a condition of dependency, changing their daily routine and that of the entire family. The treatment phase brought significant changes in their social, psychological and physical life. On the other hand, the children's interaction with friends and their curiosity facilitated bonding with some peers, who showed feelings of concern, affection and humanity towards the affected child. Thus, this study made it possible to reflect on cancer, which brings intense suffering not only to the child experiencing the disease, but to all those around her - family members, friends and professionals. Emphasis is given to the need for nurse professionals to listen to the history of these children in order to propose strategies capable of improving quality of life during this period of pain and suffering.