A vivência existencial dos profissionais de enfermagem no cuidado paliativo oncológico hospitalar

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Almeida, Carla Simone Leite de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual de Maringá; Brasil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem; UEM; Maringá, PR; Departamento de Enfermagem
• Palavras-chave em Português: Cuidados paliativos; Oncologia; Enfermagem; Enfermagem oncológica; Brasil.; Palliative care; Oncology; Nursing; Brazil.; Ciências da Saúde
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/2329

Cancer is at present one of the main causes of death in the world and requires special attention by health professionals so that the patients' sufferings could be minimized. Palliative care may be started as from the diagnosis of the illness, or rather, cure and palliative care will be replaced by palliative care as the illness course develops without any prognosis and the cancer's amplitude triggers a decline in the curative aspect. Palliative care is offered at several layers of attention by an interdisciplinary team, among which there is the nursing team consisting of the nursing practitioner and nursing assistant who participate more fully than any other health professional in the hospitalization process and spend most of their time with terminal patients. However, when the existing-care-giving health professionals are followed up in the cancer palliative sphere, their distance from the real aim of palliative nursing care has been a source of concern. This is brought about by the fact that the hospital milieu in terminality cases becomes a scene for future death causing suffering to the patients and their families during a period when peace and serenity should be the reigning environment. Current research reveals the significance and applicability of palliative care by the cancer hospital nursing team as a solution for the nurses' internal and professional concerns so that the practicability of hospital palliative care in the existing-caregiving of nursing could be understood. A phenomenological qualitative research based on Heidegger's doctrine was carried out in the hospital cancer wards between April and June 2011 with 21 nursing professionals. Collection tool consisted of a recorded interview with three basic questions and with the professional, social and demographic data of the interviewed. Data analysis was based on Josgrilberg presuppositions and the names of the interviewed were substituted by star names for anonymity. The study was primarily approved by the Ethic and Research Committee of the State University of Maringá (Process 709/2010). In the wake of results, two scientific articles were published: "Palliative care: recovering humanized care" and "Nursing existence in palliative care: a study from the phenomenological point of view". The three existential themes in the first article, or rather, Recovering the essence of care in nursing; Being-with-the-other in care; and Involving oneself with the existential condition of the other, show that the nursing professional does not demonstrate a scientific or philosophical knowledge of palliative care; rather, humanization by professionals in being-with to sharing, helping and involving oneself through empathy manifested to sick people with cancer and to their relatives, had, in itself, aspects of palliative care. The second article showed in its ontological themes, Feeling satisfaction and love in caring and Feeling revolt and impotence vis-à-vis terminality, that existence brought to nurses, as Being-here, interior manifestations of happiness and sadness in caring, making it authentic or inauthentic in their existence. Although current research is still inconclusive, it is a point of departure for others. It shows the need to focus on the needs of professional nurses who, as Being-in-the-world, are also in need of care and who should be acknowledged as bio-psychological and spiritual beings. They should not be seen as mere objects or instruments of care.