Divergência genética entre cultivares de morangueiro por meio de marcadores moleculares e caracteres morfoagronômicos

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Morales, Rafael Gustavo Ferreira
• Orientador(a): Resende, Juliano Tadeu Vilela de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: UNICENTRO - Universidade Estadual do Centro Oeste
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia (Mestrado)
• Departamento: Unicentro::Departamento de Agronomia
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Fragaria x ananassa Duch.; DNA; melhoramento de plantas; análise multivariada
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Fragaria x ananassa Duch.; ADN; plant breeding; multivariate analysis
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA
• Link de acesso: http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/199

The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic divergence of 11 strawberry cultivars (Aromas, Camarosa, Camino Real, Campinas, Diamante, Dover, Oso Grande, Sweet Charlie, Toyonoka, Tudla e Ventana) using morphological characters and RAPD and ISSR markers, indicating the most promising crosses. For molecular analysis, ADN extraction in both methods followed the modified CTAB protocol, and made the amplification by PCR and then separated by gel agorose (RAPD) and polyacrylamide (ISSR). From the reading of the gels, each marker, generated is a binary matrix, calculating from it the genetic similarity by the coefficient of Jaccard. The cultivars were grouped based on genetic similarity matrix using UPGMA. For the evaluation of morphological characteristics were selected 29 traits related to plant, leaf, flower, fruit and achenes of strawberries, using a range of marks for evaluation. Among the molecular markers, the ISSR was more efficient than the markers RAPD in the study of genetic diversity in strawberry, showing greater consistency with the origin and genealogy of the cultivars. Regarding grouping, ISSR method was more consistent with the origin and genealogy of the cultivars than the RAPD. The morphological characteristics were inefficient to study genetic diversity, not found a direct relationship between the values of similarity or dendrogram, with the origin and genealogy of the cultivars. Among the three techniques evaluated, the ISSR markers are more suitable for study of genetic diversity in strawberry. The most promising crosses, based on data and ISSR molecular markers, are among cultivars Tudla and Ventana, and Oso Grande and Ventana, respectively.