Sentidos do suic??dio: uma escuta de m??es que perderam seus filhos

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Borges, Miguel Gil Pinheiro
• Orientador(a): Freitas, Marta Helena
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Cat??lica de Bras??lia
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa Strictu Sensu em Psicologia
• Departamento: Escola de Sa??de e Medicina
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: M??es; Suic??dio; Sentidos; Psicologia; Fenomenologia
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
• Resumo em Inglês: Suicide is a complex phenomenon, which numbers, nationally and internationally, have been increasing; it has being considered a public health issue, with high financial and emotional costs to those involved. This research investigates meanings attributed to voluntary death by mothers, identifying and discussing possible relations between these meanings and interpretations of epidemiological suicide found in the scientific literature to develop an appreciation resulting from these comparisons, influenced by a phenomenological reading. To meet the proposed objectives, it was chosen a qualitative methodology, inspired by phenomenology, in which it was used a semi-structured interview, that was applied in two volunteers collaborators mothers who lost a son by suicide. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, a synthesis of each of them was made, which were verified with each collaborator and from these syntheses it was made a global synthesis, from which, by variant and invariant aspects, was made an exercise of apprehension of the "general structure of the lived". From an ethical point of view, the entire methodological procedures were thought and done considering two questions: how to listen those mothers without psychologically hurt them? What to do if that happens? The invariant aspects were gathered as follows: 'Omission of death', 'Tension between talking and silence about a son's death', 'Search for the reasons of a son??s death', 'Sense of responsibility for the life/death of a son', 'Feelings of guilt and impotency', 'The issue of religion/religiosity as a resource for dealing with loss???. And the variant aspects were these ones: 'To be or not to be a biological mother', 'Who found the son's body', 'Job', 'Time of mourning', 'Relation between understandability of a son??s suicide and an organic disease'. From the dialogue between the meanings of suicide and the multiple meanings of the word meaning in Portuguese, it was understood that this word, in Portuguese, is consistent with the suicide complexity. It was identified degrees of similarities and differences in the relations between invariant and variant aspects and epidemiological interpretations withdrawn from the scientific literature. Epidemiological productions have not been enough, considering intervening/preventative measures, to deal with the suicide issue. It was concluded that incomprehensibility, unpredictability, impotency and irreversibility of death were the most essential aspects of the meanings of a son??s voluntary death for the collaborators. These meanings are not, considering the current scientific and philosophical rationality, clearly intelligible and rational categorizable, but are comprehensible by a sensitive perspective and an intuitive logic point of view. It was also concluded that similarities and differences in the relationships between epidemiological interpretations and meanings of suicide should be investigated more in terms of degrees than in terms of contents. It was understood that most of interventional/preventive proposals, based on epidemiological model, tend to be too generalist, not ensuring accuracy nor ethical and methodological conditions to evaluate its effectiveness and efficiency. These epidemiological interpretations, in general, are descriptive and topographic considering the particularities and subtleties of the emotional impact that the suicide of a son triggers in a mother.
• Link de acesso: https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/2155

Suicide is a complex phenomenon, which numbers, nationally and internationally, have been increasing; it has being considered a public health issue, with high financial and emotional costs to those involved. This research investigates meanings attributed to voluntary death by mothers, identifying and discussing possible relations between these meanings and interpretations of epidemiological suicide found in the scientific literature to develop an appreciation resulting from these comparisons, influenced by a phenomenological reading. To meet the proposed objectives, it was chosen a qualitative methodology, inspired by phenomenology, in which it was used a semi-structured interview, that was applied in two volunteers collaborators mothers who lost a son by suicide. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, a synthesis of each of them was made, which were verified with each collaborator and from these syntheses it was made a global synthesis, from which, by variant and invariant aspects, was made an exercise of apprehension of the "general structure of the lived". From an ethical point of view, the entire methodological procedures were thought and done considering two questions: how to listen those mothers without psychologically hurt them? What to do if that happens? The invariant aspects were gathered as follows: 'Omission of death', 'Tension between talking and silence about a son's death', 'Search for the reasons of a son??s death', 'Sense of responsibility for the life/death of a son', 'Feelings of guilt and impotency', 'The issue of religion/religiosity as a resource for dealing with loss???. And the variant aspects were these ones: 'To be or not to be a biological mother', 'Who found the son's body', 'Job', 'Time of mourning', 'Relation between understandability of a son??s suicide and an organic disease'. From the dialogue between the meanings of suicide and the multiple meanings of the word meaning in Portuguese, it was understood that this word, in Portuguese, is consistent with the suicide complexity. It was identified degrees of similarities and differences in the relations between invariant and variant aspects and epidemiological interpretations withdrawn from the scientific literature. Epidemiological productions have not been enough, considering intervening/preventative measures, to deal with the suicide issue. It was concluded that incomprehensibility, unpredictability, impotency and irreversibility of death were the most essential aspects of the meanings of a son??s voluntary death for the collaborators. These meanings are not, considering the current scientific and philosophical rationality, clearly intelligible and rational categorizable, but are comprehensible by a sensitive perspective and an intuitive logic point of view. It was also concluded that similarities and differences in the relationships between epidemiological interpretations and meanings of suicide should be investigated more in terms of degrees than in terms of contents. It was understood that most of interventional/preventive proposals, based on epidemiological model, tend to be too generalist, not ensuring accuracy nor ethical and methodological conditions to evaluate its effectiveness and efficiency. These epidemiological interpretations, in general, are descriptive and topographic considering the particularities and subtleties of the emotional impact that the suicide of a son triggers in a mother.