Termodinâmica de buracos negros de Schwarzschild

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Santi, Natali Soler Matubaro de
• Orientador(a): Santarelli, Raphael
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Câmpus São Carlos
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física - PPGF
• Palavras-chave em Português: Termodinâmica de buracos negros de Schwarzschild; Relatividade geral; Teoria quântica de campos em espaços curvos; Radiação Hawking; Evolução temporal da massa de buracos negros de Schwarzschild
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Schwarzschild black hole thermodynamics; General relativity; Quantum field theory in curved space-time; Hawking radiation; Time evolution of mass of the Schwarzschild black hole
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::FISICA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/10384

This dissertation consists of a review about some aspects of Schwarzschild black hole thermodynamics and includes a discussion related to the temporal evolution of the masses of these black holes in a thermodynamic context. We started studying some aspects of general relativity, verifying some properties first in Minkowski space-time, from perspective of an accelerated observer, and then in Schwarzschild space-time. After that we moved to quantum field theory in curved spaces, starting with the Unruh effect as a motivation for the Hawking radiation, which is the main goal of this work, deducing the temperature for a Schwarzschild black hole. Later we presented the laws of the black hole thermodynamics and an analogy with classical thermodynamics laws. Lastly, we discussed the temporal evolution of the masses of Schwarzschild black holes for different initial values and environment conditions: empty space, cosmic microwave background with constant temperature and with temperature varying with time according with the eras of the universe.