A relação entre a intensidade da lombalgia e a funcionalidade nos idosos

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Borba, Alexandre Coutinho
• Orientador(a): Terra, Newton Luiz
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gerontologia Biomédica
• Departamento: Instituto de Geriatria e Gerontologia
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: MEDICINA; GERONTOLOGIA; GERONTOLOGIA BIOMÉDICA; ENVELHECIMENTO; IDOSOS; ARTICULAÇÕES - DOENÇAS; DOR LOMBAR
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA
• Link de acesso: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/5938

The Brazilian population aging has been a reality, occurring in unprecedented levels. This epidemiologic profile has been arousing the interest of researchers in several social, cultural and physiological changes of the elderly. Among the most common health complaints, the low back pain has been highlighted, and, it is estimated that 70% of the adults suffer from chronic or recurrent lumbar pain. Therefore, this study aims mainly to relate the degree of low back pain with the functionality of the elderly, determining the main pathologies according to gender and age group. This study was outlined in a transversal way counting on a prospective data collection with an observational feature. In addition, this research has evaluated patients above 60 years old complaining on having lumbar pain and by considering their image tests. The participants were evaluated through the following instruments: 1. Mini Mental Test, 2.The Oswestry Quiz; 3.The Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living; 4.Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, and 5. Roland-Morris Incapacity Quiz. Furthermore, the statistical analysis has described the quantitative variables by mean and standard deviation as well as the categories through absolute and relative frequencies. The association among the indexes used Spearman’s correlation, and, when comparing Oswestry Quiz with Katz Index, Mann-Whitney test was, then, utilized. The level of significance adopted was of 5% and the analyses were carried out through SPSS 21.0 program. The sample was compounded by 140 patients, however, 22 (15.7%) were excluded by cognitive deficit. Thus, this study counted on 118 patients with mean age of 67.1 years (± 5.6). Referring to the age groups, 90 (76.3%) patients were between 60-69 years old, 22 (18.6%) between 70-79 years old and 6 (5.1%) above 80 years old, while women predominated (n=92; 78%). Related to the tests, 66 (55.9%) realized X-ray, 6 (5.1%) computerized tomography and 46 (39%) magnetic resonance. When the diagnoses were evaluated by magnetic resonance, the three most prevalent ones were, respectively: arthrosis facet (80%), degenerative disc disease (75.6%) and foraminal stenosis (42.2%), considering that the patients with degenerative disc disease presented higher scores in Oswestry Quiz and lower scores in Lawton Instrumental. There was no significant difference among the prevalence of diagnosis by magnetic resonance in accordance to gender and age group. There was an inverse significant association between Oswestry score and Lawton functional score (r= -0.538; p<0.001), although the higher Oswestry values, the lower the functional capacity in IADLs was. Hence, Oswestryscores were significantly lower in patients demonstrating independence in activities of daily living, evaluated through Katz index. There was a significant direct association between Oswestry score and Roland-Morris score (r=0.720; p<0.001), while the higher the Oswestry score, the higher the Roland Morris one was.It can be concluded, then, that the low back pain seems to have impact on the functionality of the elderly; it does not seem to exist any considerable difference between the prevalence of diagnoses, within the predominant age group of this study, and the mean age of 67.5 years. Thereby, the degenerative disc disease and the foraminal stenosis seem to cause low back pain with higher correlation in relation to the decrease of the functionality of the elderly.