Disfunção temporomandibular e dor orofacial em idosos : o impacto na qualidade de vida

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Cavalcanti, Maria de Oliveira Alves
• Orientador(a): Goldim, José Roberto
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gerontologia Biomédica
• Departamento: Instituto de Geriatria e Gerontologia
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: MEDICINA; GERONTOLOGIA; IDOSOS; QUALIDADE DE VIDA; ODONTOLOGIA
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA
• Link de acesso: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/2739

Introduction : Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) represents a complex combination of signs and symptoms, having the pain as the most striking manifestation, and it may affect the masticatory muscles and / or temporomandibular joints. In the elderly population, this issue is poorly studied. Objective : To evaluate the occurrence and manifestation of the Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) and of the orofacial pain and their impact on quality of life of an elderly population served by the Family Health Program in Areia- Paraíba (Brazil). Methods : Cross-sectional study, developed with 1410 non-institutionalized elderly, aged 60 or over, enrolled in the Family Health Program in Areia- Paraíba, Brazil, from January to June,2013.The following were used as data-collection instrument: Anamnesic Index of Fonseca (AIF) for screening; the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC / TMD): AXIS I for clinical diagnosis of TMD; AXIS II for evaluation of depressive symptoms and orofacial pain; Oral Health Impact Profile - OHIP-14 to assess quality of life , and the Perceived Coercion Scale derived from MacArthur Admission Experience Survey to assess the perception of coercion in research. Results : In the sample of 1410 elderly the prevalence of TMD was 46.5 % , mainly female (63.0 %), aged between 60 and 69 (46.3 %), married (53.6 %), illiterate (59, 7 %), retired (87.6 %) and with ess than the minimum wage (p = 0.036) income. (86.3 %). There was a significant association between the prevalence of TMD and the variables: gender, level of education and income. The TMD was more prevalent in the female gender (49 %), among the illiterate (49.9%) and among those who had an income up to one minimum wage (49.1 %). Concerning the dysfunction severity degree, the mild TMD was highlighted, verifying significant association with being marital (p = 0.011) and with less than the minimum wage (p = 0.036) income . In the second phase of the study 410 seniors attended, confirming the diagnosis of TMD in 351, the RDC / TMD / AXIS I. Of these, 53.1% had muscular disorders; 22.7% had disc displacement and 42.6% had joint problems. There was significant association between joint problems and the following areas of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP -14): functional limitation (p = 0.025), psychological distress (p = 0.002); psychological disability (p = 0.004) ; social disability (p = 0.001); disability (p = 0.022). 62.2 % reported the presence of chronic orofacial pain. Of these, 58 % had depressive symptoms. Of those without pain complaints, 42.6 % showed depressive symptoms. There was significant association among all areas of OHIP 14, orofacial pain and depressive symptoms. The Perceived Coercion Scale obtained an overall average of 1.25 + 1.15. The values ranged from zero (27.0%) to five points (0.1%), being that the Mode was equal to one point (41.4%). In the variable educational level in marital status, significant differences were obtained. Literate individuals had a mean value of perceived coercion (1.10 +1.06) significantly inferior (F = 29.65, P = 0.0001) to the illiterate (1.49 +1.25). In the group of married participants or with a consensual marriage, the average scored (1.19 +1.10) was inferior (F5, 90, P = 0.015) to those verified in the other marital statuses (1.34 +1.21) . Conclusion : The prevalence of TMD was 46.5%, with a predominance of mild degree of severity, reaching women more often. The joint disorders (group III) had a negative impact on quality of life. Over half of the sample presented symptomatology of chronic orofacial pain and depressive symptoms, having significant association among all areas of OHIP 14, orofacial pain and depressive symptoms. The elderly group was perceived somewhat coerced to decide. on their participation in the research object of this work.