Avaliação das alterações em tecidos moles e duros de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia ortognática combinada utilizando cefalometria computadorizada

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Becker, Otávio Emmel
• Orientador(a): Oliveira, Rogério Belle de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia
• Departamento: Faculdade de Odontologia
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: ODONTOLOGIA; FARINGE; CIRURGIA ORTOGNÁTICA; FACE - ANORMALIDADES
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ODONTOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/1154

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the differences and the correlation between the points in hard and soft tissues of the facial profile and between measures in pharyngeal airway and jaw movements, in the pre-operative and post-operative at short and medium term, in Class III patients who underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery (maxillary advancement and mandibular setback).MATERIALS AND METHODS: Preoperative radiographs (T1), post-operative up to 3 months (T2) and post-operative after 6 months up to 12 months (T3) of 58 patients with Class III facial pattern who underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery were scanned, digitized and inserted into Dolphin Imaging software v. 3D 11.0 (Dolphin Imaging Software, Canoga Park, Califórnia, EUA) for evaluation of 11 points of hard and soft tissue of facial profile in relation to True Vertical Line (TVL) and for the measurement of five measures of pharyngeal airway and two point of hard tissue in relation to n-perp Line. All tracings were performed by a single calibrated examiner. The Student t-test for paired samples was used to determine if significant differences between preoperative and postoperative periods and differences between the two postoperative periods to evaluate recurrence. To verify a significant correlation between hard and soft tissue points for the same periods, were used the Pearson correlation coefficient. To verify a significant correlation between the measures of pharyngeal airway and the points in hard tissue in relation to n-perp line for the same periods, it was used the Spearman correlation coefficient. The results were considered at a maximum significance level of 5% and assessed using SPSS ® software, version 18.0.RESULTS: Significant changes are identified in all points of soft and hard tissue between preand and two postoperative periods (T2-T1, T3-1) and relapse (T3-T2) in points Nasal Projection, Lower Incisor, Lower lip, Pog and Pog '. The correlation observed between the movements of all points between all periods is greater in mandible than in maxilla. Similarly the correlations between hard and soft tissue, the correlations only between hard tissues and only between soft tissues present a strong correlation between the mandibular points in T2-T1 and T3-T1. In maxilla was identified correlation between A x Upper Lip in T2-T1. In relation to airways, it was identified significant changes in all measures of nasalpharynx, oropharynx and hypopharynx evaluated between preoperative and two postoperative periods (T2-T1, T3- T1). In general, measures increased in nasal and oropharynx and decreased in hypopharynx and lower oropharynx at the short and medium term. Correlation between jaw movements and change in measures of airway was found between nasopharynx and maxillary advancement and between low oropharynx and mandibular setback. Correlation between the movements in only airway measures, in T2-T1 and T3-T1, were found between measures anatomically near located. Among the periods (T3-T2), there were no significant correlations between any measures.CONCLUSIONS: The correlation between hard and soft tissues in the mandible is greater than the maxilla. The correlations only between hard tissues and only between soft tissues follow a pattern similar to the correlations between hard and soft tissues. The results of this work are similar to results found in works about monomaxilar surgeries for both the maxilla and the mandible. The influence of the movements in hard tissues is restricted to the soft tissues of the same jaw, although there are exceptions. Correlation between jaw movements and change in measures of airway was found between nasopharynx and maxillary advancement and between low oropharynx and mandibular setback. Correlation in airway were found between measures anatomically near located, demonstrating the importance of pharyngeal muscles in this relationship.