A dimensão agonística da teoria do reconhecimento em Axel Honneth

• Ano de defesa: 2022
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Luthyana Demarchi de
• Orientador(a): Oliveira, Nythamar Hilario Fernandes de
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia
• Departamento: Escola de Humanidades
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Teoria Crítica; Conflito; Agonística; Teoria do Reconhecimento
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA
• Link de acesso: https://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/10315

In contemporary political philosophy, Critical Theory has sought a critical attitude towards social theory itself in the face of the new tasks of carrying out a diagnosis of the pathologies and emancipatory potentials of contemporary societies. In this sense, the Theory of Recognition proposed by Axel Honneth seeks to be the theoretical framework for an evaluative model of contemporary social conflicts through a moral concept of social struggle. It is about the intersubjective recognition of the identity inherent to social life, as a tension. For this, the intersubjective process of mutual recognition is projected into the forms of life. Thus, the ethical relations of a society are represented by forms of practical intersubjectivity, that is, a movement of recognition between subjects that consists of a process of recognition and conflict stages at the same time.In this context, the conflict model presented aims to interpret the process of social formation, since conflict is a form of human interaction that may or may not be characterized as a struggle. Consequently, I argue that conflict is generated by an absence or not of recognition and must be interpreted under the most diverse realities, in an agonistic dimension, that is, respecting the other as legitimate in his claim. Therefore, the thesis is based on the agonistic model of the political scientist Chantal Mouffe. For the author, the conflict needs to adopt a form that does not destroy the political association, it means that some kind of connection must exist between the parties in conflict, in a way that neither their opponents are considered enemies nor their illegitimate demands. This type of relationship Mouffe calls “agonism”, which means an us/them relationship between conflicting parties who recognize their opponent's legitimacy as “adversaries” and not “enemies”. Thus, I adopt the agonistic discourse, here interpreted as recognition, which leads, thus, to a deep respect and concern for the other. In this sense, conflict is essential for the growth and development of the personality, as it generates valuable experiences for the individual in his/her life cycle. Conflict represents an interaction that makes the subjects mutually recognize each other in the respective other. In the first part of the thesis, through the historical context of critical theory, its re-updating in contemporary society is reached. In this way, the premises of normative reconstruction are delimited, as well as the conflictive context presenting the agonistic dimension. In the second part, analyzing the notion of conflicts and its reflexive-critical aspects, Chantal Mouffe's agonistic model is presented, in order to verify the agonistic dimension in the theory of recognition. And, in the last part, the category of “recognition” is investigated, in particular the theory proposed by Axel Honneth, covering the reactualization in Hegel and the spheres of recognition, also pointing out the forms of disrespect and/or non-recognition. in the current juncture. Therefore, conflict is a movement of human interaction, which causes subjects to recognize each other and, thus, the analysis of the agonistic dimension is necessary as a reflection and criticism for the theory of recognition.