Efeito do uso concomitante de clorexidina e nistatina sobre a atividade antifúngica da droga : estudo in vitro

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Scheibler, Elusa
• Orientador(a): Cherubini, Karen
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia
• Departamento: Faculdade de Odontologia
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: CANDIDÍASE; ESTOMATOLOGIA CLÍNICA; ODONTOLOGIA
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ODONTOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/7182

Candidiasis is the most prevalent fungal infection in the oral cavity of human beings. It is an oportunistic disease, which has predisposing factors such as xerostomia, alcohol and tobacco use, ill-fitted and poor cleaned dentures, diabetes mellitus, severe nutritional deficiencies and imunosuppressive conditions such as HIV infection and chemotherapy. Nystatin and chlorhexidine have been widely used to control oral infections, sometimes in an associated protocol. Nevertheless, there are reports about an antagonistic interaction when these drugs are combined. The present work aimed to analyze, in vitro, the effect of combined nystatin and chlorhexidine on Candida albicansand the stability of their mixture as well. The drugs were tested alone and in different combinations including single formulation and independent formulations with different time intervals. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the drugs was determined by the broth microdilution method, and also their effects on the optical density (OD) of suspensions and biofilms of C. albicans were evaluated.The stability of nystatin/chorhexidine mixture was tested in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Nystatin/chlorhexidine single formulation did not show a significantly differentMICcompared to the drugs used alone.The combinations with time intervalsbetween drugs showed higher MIC than the drugs alone, except for the MIC of chlorhexidine with 10-min interval. According to our results, the combination of the drugs interferes with theMIC, increasing its level, exceptfor the chlorhexidine MIC in nystatin/chlorhexidine single formulation. Nystatin/chlorhexidine combinations showed impaired activity against C.albicans biofilms. Among the combinations, that with 30-min interval showed the highest antifungal effect and the single formulation the lowest. The drugs when combined showed high percentages of degradation at all the times evaluated. Conclusion: The combination of nystatin and chlorhexidine interferes with their effectiveness and also increases their rate of degradation.