A circulação do senso comum e os deslocamentos de sentido nos discursos de professoras

• Ano de defesa: 2021
• Autor(a) principal: Cuty, Jerusa Alves
• Orientador(a): Pereira, Marcos Villela
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação
• Departamento: Escola de Humanidades
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Senso Comum; Educação; Discursos; Análise de Conjuntura; Teoria do Discurso
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS HUMANAS::EDUCACAO
• Link de acesso: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/10123

This research investigated the common sense inserted in the teachers´ speeches from the Public School of Rio Grande do Sul. The analyzed material was taken from teachers' speeches at CAT´s (Curriculum per Activity) planning meetings, on commemorative dates in the school calendar of a Basic Education school, during 2019; from the answers provided to a questionnaire created about the profile of the participant teachers of the research; and from transcribed testimonials during the Covid-19 pandemic, between 2020 and 2021. As a research problem, the following question was asked: ´In which way does the daily life of teachers contribute to the circulation and the acceptance of hegemonic discursive formations that operate as common sense?´ This issue was unfolded into others, first described from a general objective: to understand how does common sense represent a conception that continues to spread itself in a dominant and socially operating way. For that, an analysis about the speeches of the participant teachers of the research was carried out, which involved the daily school´s life, as well as the context of the social daily life, in the background of a reality that is over passed through countless issues found in the school, that are as well as extended to a macrocosmic context. The study followed some specific complementary objectives for the theme´s delimitation: a) to identify the language games in the teachers´ speeches, aiming to understand how do the participant teachers operate the ´coming´ and ´going´ of the articulations and the hegemonic quarrels about the everyday life to which they speak, in which they act and in relation to which they organize themselves; b) to examine the possible shifts of meaning in the teachers' speeches, investigating the drafts regarding to certain signifiers that occur in the speeches produced by the teachers, as well as pointing out social demands perceived through them; c) analyze the phenomenon of common sense stemmed from its relations to the social context and according to its relations to the context of teaching, which reinforces the general objective, considering the common sense representation´s mode, with its ability to transform the particular into the universal. As a theoretical framework, a discussion between three important authors was produced: the Italian Antonio Gramsci, with his category of common sense; the Brazilian Paulo Freire, with the conceptual movement of awareness; and the French Michel Foucault, with his insight into the regimes of truth inserted in the discourses. The research corpus was built up with speeches’ fragments from the teachers who are part of the CAT, added to the speeches of each of them retrieved from the produced audios during the social distancing and the answers to an initial questionnaire. Therefore, a Political Discourse Analysis was carried out, using the context situation analysis strategies, based on the theoretical background of Laclau and Mouffe, aiming to understand the political-discursive articulations found in the empirical material, and to demonstrate the power of the common sense with its acceptability and its social disclosure. This study is inserted in the Research Line Theories and Cultures in Education of the Postgraduate Program in Education of the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS.