A inovação como fenômeno histórico: uma análise através da complexidade

• Ano de defesa: 2022
• Autor(a) principal: Marzagão, Laércio Antonio
• Orientador(a): Goldfarb, José Luiz
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em História da Ciência
• Departamento: Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: História da Ciência; Sistemas complexos; Termodinâmica fora do equilíbrio; Economia evolucionária; Ecossistema de inovação
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: History of Science; Complex systems; Thermodynamics out of equilibrium; Evolutionary economics; Innovation ecosystem
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::HISTORIA::HISTORIA DAS CIENCIAS
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/29531

This research investigates the role of the environment in technological innovation. Technical change as a historical phenomenon assumes its current character from the industrialization processes in the 19th century. In the mid-1950s, Robert Solow and Moses Abramovitz reveal that about only 15% of the economic growth of the United States over the previous half a century could be justified by the economic theory. Technology would account for the remaining 85%. It's a doubly surprising figure. First, the relevance of technology to growth; second, the limitations of economic theory revealed in this experiment. This research suggests that the difficulties faced by economic theory in understanding techno-economic transformations reside in its theoretical foundations, and the question of equilibrium is central. In Schumpeter's words, orthodox theory offers "static lenses" to analyze transformation. The concept of equilibrium brings to economic theory the formalism of Newtonian mechanics and, consequently, its successes and failures. This thesis suggests an alternative model for technological development. Based on the law of increasing economic returns and on the studies of Ilya Prigogine and Brian Arthur, among others, it is possible to imagine an innovation system based on complexity and the non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Eric Schneider and James Kay and others show this to be possible by developing a theory for the thermodynamic-based ecology of non-equilibrium systems. The model suggested in this thesis is a metaphor for the theory of Eric Schneider and James Kay for ecosystems