Trauma infantil, violência contra a mulher e depressão na vida adulta: um olhar à luz da psicanálise winnicottiana

• Ano de defesa: 2020
• Autor(a) principal: Bianco, Omar Moreira Del
• Orientador(a): Ramos, Denise Gimenez
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Psicologia: Psicologia Clínica
• Departamento: Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e da Saúde
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Depressão; Trauma infantil; Violência contra a mulher
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Depression; Childhood trauma; Violence against women
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/23107

Introduction: Depression and violence against women are worldwide phenomena and are configured as important and growing public health issues, compromising people's lives in various dimensions. The history of childhood trauma has been frequently referred to, in literature, as one of the factors associated with depression in adulthood, and it is also pointed out as one of the risk factors for the victimization of women. Traumatic situations cause unique psychic wounds, which can generate numerous consequences in the biopsychosocial development. Objective: To observe and analyze depression in women and its relationship with childhood trauma and intimate partner violence throughout life. Method: This work is the result of a field research carried out with 82 women currently in the public health network, in a city in the State of São Paulo. 45 were depressed, composing the experimental group (GE) and 37 were not, composing the control group (GC). It is a study of mixed methods, of exploratory-descriptive character, that adopts as methodological principle, on one hand, the study of multiple cases and, on the other, the observational study of the case-control type. Depression was assessed using Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Childhood traumas were assessed using QUESI, and violence against women by an intimate partner was identified using the WHO VAW STUDY. In addition to the sociodemographic questionnaire, a semi-structured interview was used, which allowed a deeper understanding of the psychodynamics of trauma, domestic violence and depression. The interviews were submitted to The Content Analysis from the perspective of Bardin and the theoretical framework that underpinned the analysis and interpretation of the results, was D. W. Winnicott's theory of emotional development. Results: A positive correlation was observed between depression and childhood trauma, with emotional abuse and neglect being the traumas most strongly correlated with this illness. Numerous statistically significant positive correlations were also found between childhood trauma and violence against women. Although no statistical association was observed between depression and intimate partner violence in the GE, the general sample (GE + GC) proved the existence of this association. Conclusion: The results indicate that traumatic childhood experiences are risk factors for depression and for remaining in situations of intimate partner violence in adulthood. Winnicott's psychoanalytical assumptions support these findings and shed light on the analyzed phenomena, contributing to the understanding of the etiology of depression, the psychodynamics of trauma and the pathological modalities of relationships